/* Copyright (C) 2004 Bart 'plors' Hakvoort
 * Copyright (C) 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 Curtis Gedak
 *
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */


#include "GParted_Core.h"
#include "BCache_Info.h"
#include "BlockSpecial.h"
#include "CopyBlocks.h"
#include "Device.h"
#include "DMRaid.h"
#include "FileSystem.h"
#include "FS_Info.h"
#include "LVM2_PV_Info.h"
#include "LUKS_Info.h"
#include "Mount_Info.h"
#include "Operation.h"
#include "OperationCopy.h"
#include "Partition.h"
#include "PartitionLUKS.h"
#include "PartitionVector.h"
#include "Proc_Partitions_Info.h"
#include "SupportedFileSystems.h"
#include "SWRaid_Info.h"
#include "Utils.h"
#include "../config.h"
#include "btrfs.h"

#include <parted/parted.h>
#include <cerrno>
#include <cstring>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <endian.h>
#include <glibmm/miscutils.h>
#include <glibmm/fileutils.h>
#include <glibmm/shell.h>
#include <gtkmm/messagedialog.h>
#include <gtkmm/main.h>
#include <sigc++/bind.h>
#include <sigc++/signal.h>
#include <memory>
#include <vector>


std::vector<Glib::ustring> libparted_messages ; //see ped_exception_handler()


namespace GParted
{


const std::time_t SETTLE_DEVICE_PROBE_MAX_WAIT_SECONDS = 1;
const std::time_t SETTLE_DEVICE_APPLY_MAX_WAIT_SECONDS = 10;

static bool udevadm_found = false;

static const Glib::ustring GPARTED_BUG( _("GParted Bug") );


GParted_Core::GParted_Core()
{
	thread_status_message = "" ;

	ped_exception_set_handler( ped_exception_handler ) ; 

	// Get all libparted flags
	for ( PedPartitionFlag flag = ped_partition_flag_next( static_cast<PedPartitionFlag>( 0 ) ) ;
	      flag ;
	      flag = ped_partition_flag_next( flag ) )
	{
		m_all_libparted_flags.push_back(flag);
	}

	find_supported_core();

	supported_filesystems = std::make_unique<SupportedFileSystems>();

	//Determine file system support capabilities for the first time
	supported_filesystems->find_supported_filesystems();
}


Glib::ustring GParted_Core::get_version_and_config_string()
{
	Glib::ustring str = Glib::ustring("GParted ") + VERSION + "\n";

	str += "configuration";
	bool added_config_flag = false;
#ifdef USE_LIBPARTED_DMRAID
	str += " --enable-libparted-dmraid";
	added_config_flag = true;
#endif
	if (! added_config_flag)
		str += " (none)";
	str += "\n";

	str += Glib::ustring("libparted ") + ped_get_version() + "\n";

	str += FS_Info::get_blkid_version_string();

	return str;
}


void GParted_Core::find_supported_core()
{
	udevadm_found = ! Glib::find_program_in_path( "udevadm" ).empty();
}


void GParted_Core::find_supported_filesystems()
{
	supported_filesystems->find_supported_filesystems();
}


void GParted_Core::set_user_devices( const std::vector<Glib::ustring> & user_devices ) 
{
	this ->device_paths = user_devices ;
	this ->probe_devices = ! user_devices .size() ;
}
	
void GParted_Core::set_devices( std::vector<Device> & devices )
{
	Glib::Thread::create( sigc::bind(
				sigc::mem_fun( *this, &GParted_Core::set_devices_thread ),
				&devices),
			      false );
	Gtk::Main::run();
}

static bool _mainquit( void *dummy )
{
	Gtk::Main::quit();
	return false;
}

void GParted_Core::set_devices_thread( std::vector<Device> * pdevices )
{
	std::vector<Device> &devices = *pdevices;
	devices .clear() ;

	// Initialise and load caches needed for device discovery.
	BlockSpecial::clear_cache();            // MUST BE FIRST.  Cache of name to major, minor
	                                        // numbers incrementally loaded when BlockSpecial
	                                        // objects are created in the following caches.
	Proc_Partitions_Info::load_cache();     // SHOULD BE SECOND.  Caches /proc/partitions and
	                                        // pre-populates BlockSpecial cache.
	DMRaid::load_cache();

	//only probe if no devices were specified as arguments..
	if ( probe_devices )
	{
		device_paths .clear() ;

		//FIXME:  When libparted bug 194 is fixed, remove code to read:
		//           /proc/partitions
		//        This was a problem with no floppy drive yet BIOS indicated one existed.
		//        http://parted.alioth.debian.org/cgi-bin/trac.cgi/ticket/194
		//
		//try to find all available devices if devices exist in /proc/partitions
		std::vector<Glib::ustring> temp_devices = Proc_Partitions_Info::get_device_paths();
		if ( ! temp_devices .empty() )
		{
			//Try to find all devices in /proc/partitions
			for (unsigned int k=0; k < temp_devices .size(); k++)
			{
				/*TO TRANSLATORS: looks like Scanning /dev/sda */
				set_thread_status_message( Glib::ustring::compose( _("Scanning %1"), temp_devices[ k ] ) ) ;
				ped_device_get( temp_devices[ k ] .c_str() ) ;
			}

			//Try to find all dmraid devices
			if (DMRaid::is_dmraid_supported())
			{
				std::vector<Glib::ustring> dmraid_devices = DMRaid::get_devices();
				for ( unsigned int k=0; k < dmraid_devices .size(); k++ ) {
					set_thread_status_message( Glib::ustring::compose( _("Scanning %1"), dmraid_devices[k] ) ) ;
#ifndef USE_LIBPARTED_DMRAID
					DMRaid::create_dev_map_entries(dmraid_devices[k]);
					settle_device( SETTLE_DEVICE_PROBE_MAX_WAIT_SECONDS );
#endif
					ped_device_get( dmraid_devices[k] .c_str() ) ;
				}
			}
		}
		else
		{
			//No devices found in /proc/partitions so use libparted to probe devices
			ped_device_probe_all();
		}

		PedDevice* lp_device = ped_device_get_next(nullptr);
		while ( lp_device ) 
		{
			/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   Confirming /dev/sda */
			set_thread_status_message( Glib::ustring::compose( _("Confirming %1"), lp_device->path ) );

			//only add this device if we can read the first sector (which means it's a real device)
			if ( useable_device( lp_device ) )
				device_paths.push_back( lp_device->path );

			lp_device = ped_device_get_next( lp_device ) ;
		}

		std::sort( device_paths .begin(), device_paths .end() ) ;
	}
	else
	{
		//Device paths were passed in on the command line.

		// Sort name device paths and remove duplicates.  Avoids repeated scanning
		// the same device and showing it multiple times in the UI.
		// Reference:
		//     What's the most efficient way to erase duplicates and sort a vector?
		//     http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1041620/whats-the-most-efficient-way-to-erase-duplicates-and-sort-a-vector
		std::sort( device_paths.begin(), device_paths.end() );
		device_paths.erase( std::unique( device_paths.begin(), device_paths.end() ), device_paths.end() );

		for ( unsigned int t = 0 ; t < device_paths .size() ; t++ ) 
		{
			set_thread_status_message( Glib::ustring::compose( _("Confirming %1"), device_paths[t] ) );

#ifndef USE_LIBPARTED_DMRAID
			// Ensure that dmraid device entries are created
			if (DMRaid::is_dmraid_supported()             &&
			    DMRaid::is_dmraid_device(device_paths[t])   )
			{
				DMRaid::create_dev_map_entries(DMRaid::get_dmraid_name(device_paths[t]));
				settle_device( SETTLE_DEVICE_PROBE_MAX_WAIT_SECONDS );
			}
#endif

			PedDevice* lp_device = ped_device_get( device_paths[t].c_str() );
			if (lp_device == nullptr || ! useable_device(lp_device))
			{
				// Remove this disk device which isn't useable
				device_paths.erase( device_paths.begin() + t-- );
			}
		}
	}

	// Initialise and load caches needed for content discovery.
	FS_Info::clear_cache();
	const std::vector<DeviceAndPartitionNames> dev_ptn_names =
	                Proc_Partitions_Info::get_device_and_partition_names_for(device_paths);
	FS_Info::load_cache_for_device_and_partition_names(dev_ptn_names);
	Mount_Info::load_cache();
	LVM2_PV_Info::clear_cache();
	btrfs::clear_cache();
	SWRaid_Info::load_cache();
	LUKS_Info::clear_cache();

	for ( unsigned int t = 0 ; t < device_paths .size() ; t++ ) 
	{
		/*TO TRANSLATORS: looks like Searching /dev/sda partitions */ 
		set_thread_status_message( Glib::ustring::compose( _("Searching %1 partitions"), device_paths[ t ] ) ) ;
		Device temp_device;
		set_device_from_disk( temp_device, device_paths[t] );
		devices.push_back( temp_device );
	}

	set_thread_status_message("") ;
	g_idle_add((GSourceFunc)_mainquit, nullptr);
}


void GParted_Core::set_thread_status_message( Glib::ustring msg )
{
	//Remember to clear status message when finished with thread.
	thread_status_message = msg ;
}

Glib::ustring GParted_Core::get_thread_status_message( )
{
	return thread_status_message ;
}


bool GParted_Core::valid_partition(const Device& device, Partition& partition, Glib::ustring& error)
{
	//Ensure that partition start and end are not beyond the ends of the disk device
	if (partition.sector_start < 0)
	{
		error = GPARTED_BUG + ": " +
		        Glib::ustring::compose(
		            /* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   A partition cannot start (-2048)
		             * before the start of the device */
		            _("A partition cannot start (%1) before the start of the device"),
		            partition.sector_start);
		return false;
	}
	if (partition.sector_end >= device.length)
	{
		error = GPARTED_BUG + ": " +
		        Glib::ustring::compose(
		                /* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   A partition cannot end (2099199)
		                 * after the end of the device (2097151) */
		                _("A partition cannot end (%1) after the end of the device (%2)"),
		                partition.sector_start);
		return false;
	}

	//do some basic checks on the partition
	if ( partition .get_sector_length() <= 0 )
	{
		error = GPARTED_BUG + ": " +
		        Glib::ustring::compose(
				/* TO TRANSLATORS:  looks like   A partition cannot have a length of -1 sectors */
				_("A partition cannot have a length of %1 sectors"),
				partition .get_sector_length() ) ;
		return false ;
	}

	// Check this partition's file system usage is valid.
	if ( partition .get_sector_length() < partition .sectors_used )
	{
		error = GPARTED_BUG + ": " +
		        Glib::ustring::compose(
				/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   A partition with used sectors (2048) greater than its length (1536) is not valid */
				_("A partition with used sectors (%1) greater than its length (%2) is not valid"),
				partition .sectors_used,
				partition .get_sector_length() ) ;
		return false ;
	}

	//FIXME: it would be perfect if we could check for overlapping with adjacent partitions as well,
	//however, finding the adjacent partitions is not as easy as it seems and at this moment all the dialogs
	//already perform these checks. A perfect 'fixme-later' ;)

	return true;
}

bool GParted_Core::apply_operation_to_disk( Operation * operation )
{
	bool success = false;
	libparted_messages .clear() ;
	operation->m_operation_detail.signal_capture_errors.connect(
			sigc::mem_fun( *this, &GParted_Core::capture_libparted_messages ) );

	switch (operation->m_type)
	{
		// Call calibrate_partition() first for each operation to ensure the
		// correct partition path name and boundary is known before performing the
		// actual modifications.  (See comments in calibrate_partition() for
		// reasons why this is necessary).  Calibrate the most relevant partition
		// object(s), either partition_original, partition_new or partition_copy,
		// as required.  Calibrate also displays details of the partition being
		// modified in the operation results to inform the user.
		//
		// Win_GParted::set_valid_operations() determines which operations are
		// allowed on file systems depending on whether each is busy mounted or
		// not.  For encrypted file systems allowed operations also depends on
		// whether the encryption mapping is open or not.  Therefore each
		// operation must leave the status of the file system and any encryption
		// mapping in the same state which it found it, ready for the next
		// operation.

		case OPERATION_DELETE:
			success =    calibrate_partition(operation->get_partition_original(),
			                                 operation->m_operation_detail)
			          && remove_filesystem(operation->get_partition_original(),
			                               operation->m_operation_detail)
			          && delete_partition(operation->get_partition_original(),
			                              operation->m_operation_detail);
			break;

		case OPERATION_CHECK:
			success =    calibrate_partition(operation->get_partition_original(),
			                                 operation->m_operation_detail)
			          && check_repair_filesystem(operation->get_partition_original().get_filesystem_partition(),
			                                     operation->m_operation_detail)
			          && check_repair_maximize(operation->get_partition_original(),
			                                   operation->m_operation_detail);
			break;

		case OPERATION_CREATE:
			// The partition doesn't exist yet so there's nothing to calibrate.
			success = create(operation->get_partition_new(), operation->m_operation_detail);
			break;

		case OPERATION_RESIZE_MOVE:
			success = calibrate_partition(operation->get_partition_original(),
			                              operation->m_operation_detail);
			if ( ! success )
				break;

			// Replace the new partition object's path from the calibration in
			// case the path is "Copy of ..." from the partition having been
			// newly created by a paste into unallocated space earlier in the
			// sequence of operations now being applied.
			operation->get_partition_new().set_path( operation->get_partition_original().get_path() );

			success = resize_move(operation->get_partition_original(),
			                      operation->get_partition_new(),
			                      operation->m_operation_detail);
			break;

		case OPERATION_FORMAT:
			success = calibrate_partition(operation->get_partition_new(), operation->m_operation_detail);
			if ( ! success )
				break;

			// Replace the original partition object's path from the
			// calibration in case the path is "Copy of ..." from the
			// partition having been newly created by a paste into unallocated
			// space earlier in the sequence of operations now being applied.
			operation->get_partition_original().set_path( operation->get_partition_new().get_path() );

			success =    remove_filesystem(operation->get_partition_original().get_filesystem_partition(),
			                               operation->m_operation_detail)
			          && format(operation->get_partition_new().get_filesystem_partition(),
			                    operation->m_operation_detail);
			break;

		case OPERATION_COPY:
		{
			//FIXME: in case of a new partition we should make sure the new partition is >= the source partition... 
			//i think it's best to do this in the dialog_paste

			OperationCopy * copy_op = static_cast<OperationCopy*>( operation );
			success =    calibrate_partition(copy_op->get_partition_copied(),
			                                 copy_op->m_operation_detail)
			             // Only calibrate the destination when pasting into an existing
			             // partition, rather than when creating a new partition.
                                  && (copy_op->get_partition_original().type == TYPE_UNALLOCATED                     ||
			              calibrate_partition(copy_op->get_partition_new(), copy_op->m_operation_detail)   );
			if ( ! success )
				break;

			success =    remove_filesystem(copy_op->get_partition_original().get_filesystem_partition(),
			                               copy_op->m_operation_detail)
			          && copy(copy_op->get_partition_copied(),
			                  copy_op->get_partition_new(),
			                  copy_op->m_operation_detail);
			break;
		}

		case OPERATION_LABEL_FILESYSTEM:
			success =    calibrate_partition(operation->get_partition_new(), operation->m_operation_detail)
			          && label_filesystem(operation->get_partition_new().get_filesystem_partition(),
			                              operation->m_operation_detail);
			break;

		case OPERATION_NAME_PARTITION:
			success =    calibrate_partition(operation->get_partition_new(), operation->m_operation_detail)
			          && name_partition(operation->get_partition_new(), operation->m_operation_detail);
			break;

		case OPERATION_CHANGE_UUID:
			success =    calibrate_partition(operation->get_partition_new(), operation->m_operation_detail)
			          && change_filesystem_uuid(operation->get_partition_new().get_filesystem_partition(),
			                                    operation->m_operation_detail);
			break;
	}

	return success;
}

bool GParted_Core::set_disklabel( const Device & device, const Glib::ustring & disklabel )
{
	const Glib::ustring& device_path = device.get_path();

	// FIXME: Should call file system specific removal actions
	// (to remove LVM2 PVs before deleting the partitions).

	// Ensure that any previous whole disk device file system can't be recognised by
	// libparted in preference to the "loop" partition table signature, or by blkid in
	// preference to any partition table about to be written.
	OperationDetail dummy_od;
	Partition temp_partition;
	temp_partition.set_unpartitioned( device_path,
	                                  "",
	                                  FS_UNALLOCATED,
	                                  device.length,
	                                  device.sector_size,
	                                  false );
	erase_filesystem_signatures( temp_partition, dummy_od );

	return new_disklabel( device_path, disklabel );
}

bool GParted_Core::new_disklabel( const Glib::ustring & device_path, const Glib::ustring & disklabel,
                                  bool recreate_dmraid_devs )
{
	bool return_value = false ;

	PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
	PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
	if ( get_device( device_path, lp_device ) )
	{
		PedDiskType* type = nullptr;
		type = ped_disk_type_get( disklabel .c_str() ) ;
		
		if ( type )
		{
			lp_disk = ped_disk_new_fresh( lp_device, type );
		
			return_value = commit( lp_disk ) ;
		}
		
		destroy_device_and_disk( lp_device, lp_disk ) ;
	}

#ifndef USE_LIBPARTED_DMRAID
	//delete and recreate disk entries if dmraid
	if (recreate_dmraid_devs && return_value && DMRaid::is_dmraid_device(device_path))
	{
		DMRaid::purge_dev_map_entries(device_path);
		DMRaid::create_dev_map_entries(device_path);
	}
#endif

	return return_value ;	
}


bool GParted_Core::toggle_flag( const Partition & partition, const Glib::ustring & flag, bool state ) 
{
	bool success = false;
	PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
	PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
	if ( get_device_and_disk( partition .device_path, lp_device, lp_disk ) )
	{
		PedPartition* lp_partition = get_lp_partition( lp_disk, partition );
		if ( lp_partition )
		{
			PedPartitionFlag lp_flag = ped_partition_flag_get_by_name( flag .c_str() ) ;

			if ( lp_flag > 0 && ped_partition_set_flag( lp_partition, lp_flag, state ) )
				success = commit(lp_disk);
		}
	
		destroy_device_and_disk( lp_device, lp_disk ) ;
	}

	return success;
}


const std::vector<FS> & GParted_Core::get_filesystems() const 
{
	return supported_filesystems->get_all_fs_support();
}


// Return supported capabilities of the file system type or, if not found, not supported
// capabilities set.
const FS& GParted_Core::get_fs(FSType fstype) const
{
	return supported_filesystems->get_fs_support(fstype);
}


//Return all libparted's partition table types in it's preferred ordering,
//  alphabetic except with "loop" last.
//  Ref: parted >= 1.8 ./libparted/libparted.c init_disk_types()
std::vector<Glib::ustring> GParted_Core::get_disklabeltypes()
{
	std::vector<Glib::ustring> disklabeltypes ;

	PedDiskType *disk_type ;
	for (disk_type = ped_disk_type_get_next(nullptr); disk_type; disk_type = ped_disk_type_get_next(disk_type))
		disklabeltypes .push_back( disk_type->name ) ;

	 return disklabeltypes ;
}

std::map<Glib::ustring, bool> GParted_Core::get_available_flags( const Partition & partition ) 
{
	std::map<Glib::ustring, bool> flag_info ;

	PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
	PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
	if ( get_device_and_disk( partition .device_path, lp_device, lp_disk ) )
	{
		PedPartition* lp_partition = get_lp_partition( lp_disk, partition );
		if ( lp_partition )
		{
			for (unsigned int i = 0; i < m_all_libparted_flags.size(); i++)
				if (ped_partition_is_flag_available(lp_partition, m_all_libparted_flags[i]))
				{
					flag_info[ped_partition_flag_get_name(m_all_libparted_flags[i])] =
						ped_partition_get_flag(lp_partition, m_all_libparted_flags[i]);
				}
		}

		destroy_device_and_disk( lp_device, lp_disk ) ;
	}

	return flag_info ;
}


//private functions...

Glib::ustring GParted_Core::get_partition_path(const PedPartition *lp_partition)
{
	g_assert(lp_partition != nullptr);  // Bug: Not initialised by suitable ped_disk_*partition*() call

	char * lp_path;  //we have to free the result of ped_partition_get_path()
	Glib::ustring partition_path = "Partition path not found";

	lp_path = ped_partition_get_path(lp_partition);
	if (lp_path != nullptr)
	{
		partition_path = lp_path;
		free(lp_path);
	}

#ifndef USE_LIBPARTED_DMRAID
	//Ensure partition path name is compatible with dmraid
	if (DMRaid::is_dmraid_supported()            &&
	    DMRaid::is_dmraid_device(partition_path)   )
	{
		partition_path = DMRaid::make_path_dmraid_compatible(partition_path);
	}
#endif

	return partition_path ;
}


void GParted_Core::set_device_from_disk( Device & device, const Glib::ustring & device_path )
{
	PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
	PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;

	if (! get_device(device_path, lp_device, true))
		return;

	device.Reset();

	// Device info ...
	device.set_path(device_path);
	device.model       = Utils::trim(lp_device->model);
	device.length      = lp_device->length;
	device.sector_size = lp_device->sector_size;
	device.heads       = lp_device->bios_geom.heads;
	device.sectors     = lp_device->bios_geom.sectors;
	device.cylinders   = lp_device->bios_geom.cylinders;
	device.cylsize     = device.heads * device.sectors;
	set_device_serial_number(device);

	// Make sure cylsize is at least 1 MiB
	if (device.cylsize < (MEBIBYTE / device.sector_size))
		device.cylsize = MEBIBYTE / device.sector_size;

	std::vector<Glib::ustring> messages;
	FSType fstype = detect_filesystem(lp_device, nullptr, messages);

	if (fstype != FS_UNKNOWN)
	{
		// Case 1/4: Recognised whole disk device file system
		//
		// FS_Info (blkid) or GParted internal detection recognised file system
		// signature on whole disk device.  Need to detect before libparted
		// reported partitioning to avoid bug in libparted 1.9.0 to 2.3 inclusive
		// which recognised FAT file systems as MSDOS partition tables.  Fixed in
		// parted 2.4 by commit:
		//     616a2a1659d89ff90f9834016a451da8722df509
		//     libparted: avoid regression when processing a whole-disk FAT partition

		// Clear the possible "unrecognised disk label" message
		libparted_messages.clear();

		device.disktype = "none";
		device.max_prims = 1;
		set_device_one_partition(device, lp_device, fstype, messages);
	}
	else if (! get_disk(lp_device, lp_disk))
	{
		// Case 2/4: Empty drive
		//
		// Empty drive without a disk label (partition table).

		device.disktype =
			/* TO TRANSLATORS:   unrecognized
			 * means that the partition table for this disk device is unknown
			 * or not recognized.
			 */
			_("unrecognized");
		device.max_prims = 1;

		Partition* partition_temp = new Partition();
		partition_temp->set_unpartitioned(device.get_path(),
		                                  "",  // Overridden with "unallocated"
		                                  FS_UNALLOCATED,
		                                  device.length,
		                                  device.sector_size,
		                                  false);
		// Place libparted messages in this unallocated partition
		partition_temp->append_messages(libparted_messages);
		libparted_messages.clear();
		device.partitions.push_back_adopt(partition_temp);
	}
	else if (lp_disk && lp_disk->type && lp_disk->type->name &&
	         strcmp(lp_disk->type->name, "loop") == 0          )
	{
		// Case 3/4: Libparted "loop" signature only
		//
		// Drive just containing libparted "loop" signature and nothing else.
		// (Actually any drive reported by libparted as "loop" but not recognised
		// in case 1/4 as whole disk device file system).

		device.disktype = lp_disk->type->name;
		device.max_prims = 1;

		// Create virtual partition covering the whole disk device with unknown
		// contents.
		Partition* partition_temp = new Partition();
		partition_temp->set_unpartitioned(device.get_path(),
		                                  lp_device->path,
		                                  FS_UNKNOWN,
		                                  device.length,
		                                  device.sector_size,
		                                  false);
		// Place unknown file system message in this partition.
		partition_temp->append_messages(messages);
		device.partitions.push_back_adopt(partition_temp);
	}
	else
	{
		// Case 4/4: Partitioned drive
		//
		// (excluding libparted "loop" recognised in case 3/4).

		device.disktype = lp_disk->type->name;
		device.max_prims = ped_disk_get_max_primary_partition_count(lp_disk);

		// Determine if partition naming is supported.
		if (ped_disk_type_check_feature(lp_disk->type, PED_DISK_TYPE_PARTITION_NAME))
			device.enable_partition_naming(Utils::get_max_partition_name_length(device.disktype));

		set_device_partitions(device, lp_device, lp_disk);

		if (device.highest_busy)
		{
			// If any partitions are busy determine if the OS can be informed
			// of changes made to the partition table.  If not GParted has to
			// not allow operations which change the partition table, except
			// creating new unformatted partitions.
			device.readonly = ! commit_to_os(lp_disk, SETTLE_DEVICE_PROBE_MAX_WAIT_SECONDS);

			// Clear libparted messages.  Typically these are:
			//     The kernel was unable to re-read the partition table...
			libparted_messages.clear();
		}
	}

	destroy_device_and_disk(lp_device, lp_disk);
	return;
}


void GParted_Core::set_device_serial_number( Device & device )
{
	if (! udevadm_found)
		return;

	Glib::ustring output;
	Glib::ustring error;
	Utils::execute_command("udevadm info --query=property --name=" + Glib::shell_quote(device.get_path()),
	                       output, error, true);
	device.serial_number = Utils::regexp_label(output, "^ID_SERIAL_SHORT=([^\n]*)$");
}


/**
 * Fills the device.partitions member of device by scanning
 * all partitions
 */
void GParted_Core::set_device_partitions( Device & device, PedDevice* lp_device, PedDisk* lp_disk )
{
	int EXT_INDEX = -1 ;

	//clear partitions
	device .partitions .clear() ;

	PedPartition* lp_partition = ped_disk_next_partition(lp_disk, nullptr);
	while ( lp_partition )
	{
		libparted_messages .clear() ;
		Partition* partition_temp = nullptr;
		bool partition_is_busy = false ;
		FSType fstype;
		std::vector<Glib::ustring> detect_messages;
		Glib::ustring partition_path;

		// NOTE: lp_partition->type bit field
		// lp_partition->type is a bit field using enumerated names for each bit.
		// GParted is only interested in partitions with these single bits set:
		// PED_PARTITION_NORMAL, PED_PARTITION_LOGICAL and PED_PARTITION_EXTENDED.
		// Partitions, ranges of blocks, with other bits set representing free
		// space and disk label meta-data, PED_PARTITION_FREESPACE and
		// PED_PARTITION_METADATA bits respectively, are ignored and GParted
		// creates its own unallocated partitions and accounts for partition
		// tables.
		// References:
		// *   struct PedPartition and type PedPartitionType
		//     https://www.gnu.org/software/parted/api/struct__PedPartition.html
		// *   enum _PedPartitionType
		//     http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/parted.git/tree/include/parted/disk.in.h?id=v3.2#n45
		switch ( lp_partition ->type )
		{
			case PED_PARTITION_NORMAL:
			case PED_PARTITION_LOGICAL:
				fstype = detect_filesystem(lp_device, lp_partition, detect_messages);
				partition_path = get_partition_path(lp_partition);

#ifndef USE_LIBPARTED_DMRAID
				//Handle dmraid devices differently because the minor number might not
				//  match the last number of the partition filename as shown by "ls -l /dev/mapper"
				if (DMRaid::is_dmraid_device(device.get_path()))
				{
					//Try device_name + partition_number
					Glib::ustring dmraid_path = device .get_path() + Utils::num_to_str( lp_partition ->num ) ;
					partition_is_busy = is_busy(device.get_path(), fstype, dmraid_path);

					//Try device_name + p + partition_number
					dmraid_path = device .get_path() + "p" + Utils::num_to_str( lp_partition ->num ) ;
					partition_is_busy =    partition_is_busy
					                    || is_busy(device.get_path(), fstype, dmraid_path);
				}
				else
#endif
				{
					partition_is_busy = is_busy(device.get_path(), fstype, partition_path);
				}

				if (fstype == FS_LUKS)
					partition_temp = new PartitionLUKS();
				else
					partition_temp = new Partition();
				partition_temp->Set( device .get_path(),
				                     partition_path,
				                     lp_partition->num,
				                     ( lp_partition->type == PED_PARTITION_NORMAL ) ? TYPE_PRIMARY
				                                                                    : TYPE_LOGICAL,
				                     fstype,
				                     lp_partition->geom.start,
				                     lp_partition->geom.end,
				                     device.sector_size,
				                     ( lp_partition->type == PED_PARTITION_LOGICAL ),
				                     partition_is_busy );
				partition_temp->append_messages( detect_messages );

				set_flags( *partition_temp, lp_partition );

				if (fstype == FS_LUKS)
					set_luks_partition( *dynamic_cast<PartitionLUKS *>( partition_temp ) );

				if ( partition_temp->busy && partition_temp->partition_number > device.highest_busy )
					device.highest_busy = partition_temp->partition_number;
				break ;
			
			case PED_PARTITION_EXTENDED:
				partition_path = get_partition_path(lp_partition);

				partition_temp = new Partition();
				partition_temp->Set( device.get_path(),
				                     partition_path,
				                     lp_partition->num,
				                     TYPE_EXTENDED,
				                     FS_EXTENDED,
				                     lp_partition->geom.start,
				                     lp_partition->geom.end,
				                     device.sector_size,
				                     false,
				                     false );

				set_flags( *partition_temp, lp_partition );

				EXT_INDEX = device .partitions .size() ;
				break ;

			default:
				// Ignore libparted reported partitions with other type
				// bits set.
				break;
		}

		// Only for libparted reported partition types that we care about: NORMAL,
		// LOGICAL, EXTENDED
		if (partition_temp != nullptr)
		{
			set_partition_label_and_uuid( *partition_temp );
			set_mountpoints( *partition_temp );
			set_used_sectors( *partition_temp, lp_disk );

			// Retrieve partition name
			if ( device.partition_naming_supported() )
				partition_temp->name = Glib::ustring( ped_partition_get_name( lp_partition ) );

			partition_temp->append_messages( libparted_messages );

			if ( ! partition_temp->inside_extended )
				device.partitions.push_back_adopt( partition_temp );
			else
				device.partitions[EXT_INDEX].logicals.push_back_adopt( partition_temp );
		}

		//next partition (if any)
		lp_partition = ped_disk_next_partition( lp_disk, lp_partition ) ;
	}

	if ( EXT_INDEX > -1 )
	{
		insert_unallocated( device .get_path(),
				    device .partitions[ EXT_INDEX ] .logicals,
				    device .partitions[ EXT_INDEX ] .sector_start,
				    device .partitions[ EXT_INDEX ] .sector_end,
				    device .sector_size,
				    true ) ;

		//Set busy status of extended partition if and only if
		//  there is at least one busy logical partition.
		for ( unsigned int t = 0 ; t < device .partitions[ EXT_INDEX ] .logicals .size() ; t ++ )
		{
			if ( device .partitions[ EXT_INDEX ] .logicals[ t ] .busy )
			{
				device .partitions[ EXT_INDEX ] .busy = true ;
				break ;
			}
		}
	}

	insert_unallocated( device .get_path(), device .partitions, 0, device .length -1, device .sector_size, false ) ; 
}

// Create one Partition object spanning the Device after identifying the file system
// on the whole disk device.  Much simplified equivalent of set_device_partitions().
void GParted_Core::set_device_one_partition( Device & device, PedDevice * lp_device, FSType fstype,
                                             std::vector<Glib::ustring> & messages )
{
	device.partitions.clear();

	Glib::ustring path = lp_device->path;
	bool partition_is_busy = is_busy(device.get_path(), fstype, path);

	Partition* partition_temp = nullptr;
	if ( fstype == FS_LUKS )
		partition_temp = new PartitionLUKS();
	else
		partition_temp = new Partition();
	partition_temp->set_unpartitioned( device.get_path(),
	                                   path,
	                                   fstype,
	                                   device.length,
	                                   device.sector_size,
	                                   partition_is_busy );

	partition_temp->append_messages( messages );

	if ( fstype == FS_LUKS )
		set_luks_partition( *dynamic_cast<PartitionLUKS *>( partition_temp ) );

	if ( partition_temp->busy )
		device.highest_busy = 1;

	set_partition_label_and_uuid( *partition_temp );
	set_mountpoints( *partition_temp );
	set_used_sectors(*partition_temp, nullptr);

	device.partitions.push_back_adopt( partition_temp );
}

void GParted_Core::set_luks_partition( PartitionLUKS & partition )
{
	LUKS_Mapping mapping = LUKS_Info::get_cache_entry( partition.get_path() );
	if ( mapping.name.empty() )
		// No LUKS mapping found so no device file with which to query the
		// encrypted file system.  Assume no open dm-crypt mapping exists.
		// Details of encrypted file system left blank.
		return;

	Glib::ustring mapping_path = DEV_MAPPER_PATH + mapping.name;
	std::vector<Glib::ustring> detect_messages;
	FSType fstype = detect_filesystem_in_encryption_mapping(mapping_path, detect_messages);
	bool fs_busy = is_busy(mapping_path, fstype, mapping_path);

	partition.set_luks( mapping_path,
	                    fstype,
	                    mapping.offset / partition.sector_size,
	                    mapping.length / partition.sector_size,
	                    partition.sector_size,
	                    fs_busy );

	Partition & encrypted = partition.get_encrypted();
	encrypted.append_messages( detect_messages );

	set_partition_label_and_uuid( encrypted );
	set_mountpoints( encrypted );
	set_used_sectors(encrypted, nullptr);
}

void GParted_Core::set_partition_label_and_uuid( Partition & partition )
{
	const Glib::ustring& partition_path = partition.get_path();

	// For SWRaid members only get the label and UUID from SWRaid_Info.  Never use
	// values from FS_Info to avoid showing incorrect information in cases where blkid
	// reports the wrong values.
	if (partition.fstype == FS_LINUX_SWRAID ||
	    partition.fstype == FS_ATARAID        )
	{
		const Glib::ustring& label = SWRaid_Info::get_label(partition_path);
		if ( ! label.empty() )
			partition.set_filesystem_label( label );

		partition.uuid = SWRaid_Info::get_uuid( partition_path );
		return;
	}

	// Retrieve file system label.  Use file system specific method first because it
	// has been that way since (#662537) to display Unicode labels correctly.
	// (#786502) adds support for reading Unicode labels through the FS_Info cache.
	// Either method should produce the same labels however the FS specific command is
	// run in the users locale where as blkid is run in the C locale.  Shouldn't
	// matter but who knows for sure!
	read_label( partition );
	if ( ! partition.filesystem_label_known() )
	{
		bool label_found = false;
		Glib::ustring label = FS_Info::get_label( partition_path, label_found );
		if ( label_found )
			partition.set_filesystem_label( label );
	}

	// Retrieve file system UUID.  Use cached method first in an effort to speed up
	// device scanning.
	partition.uuid = FS_Info::get_uuid( partition_path );
	if ( partition.uuid.empty() )
	{
		read_uuid( partition );
	}
}


FSType GParted_Core::detect_filesystem_in_encryption_mapping(const Glib::ustring& path,
                                                             std::vector<Glib::ustring>& messages)
{
	// Run blkid identification on this one encryption mapping.
	FS_Info::load_cache_for_one_device_name(path);

	FSType fstype = FS_UNKNOWN;

	PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
	if (get_device(path, lp_device))
	{
		// Run libparted partition table and file system identification.  Only use
		// (get the first partition) if it's a "loop" table; because GParted only
		// supports one block device to one encryption mapping to one file system.
		PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
		PedPartition* lp_partition = nullptr;
		if (get_disk(lp_device, lp_disk) && lp_disk && lp_disk->type        &&
		    lp_disk->type->name && strcmp(lp_disk->type->name, "loop") == 0   )
		{
			lp_partition = ped_disk_next_partition(lp_disk, nullptr);
		}
		// Clear the "unrecognised disk label" message reported when libparted
		// fails to detect anything.
		libparted_messages.clear();

		fstype = detect_filesystem(lp_device, lp_partition, messages);

		destroy_device_and_disk(lp_device, lp_disk);
	}

	return fstype;
}


// GParted simple internal file system signature detection.  Use sparingly.  Only when
// (old versions of) blkid and libparted don't recognise a signature.
FSType GParted_Core::detect_filesystem_internal(const Glib::ustring& path, Byte_Value sector_size)
{
	FSType fstype = FS_UNKNOWN;
	std::vector<char> buf(sector_size, 0);

	int fd = open(path.c_str(), O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK);
	if (fd == -1)
		return FS_UNKNOWN;

	static const std::string apfs_sig1("\x01\x00", 2);
	static const struct {
		Byte_Value  offset1;
		std::string sig1;
		Byte_Value  offset2;
		std::string sig2;
		FSType      fstype;
	} signatures[] = {
		//offset1, sig1              , offset2, sig2   , fstype
		{     0LL, "LUKS\xBA\xBE"    ,     0LL, ""     , FS_LUKS          },
		{     3LL, "-FVE-FS-"        ,     0LL, ""     , FS_BITLOCKER     },
		{     0LL, "\x52\x56\xBE\x1B",     0LL, ""     , FS_GRUB2_CORE_IMG},
		{     0LL, "\x52\x56\xBE\x6F",     0LL, ""     , FS_GRUB2_CORE_IMG},
		{     0LL, "\x52\xE8\x28\x01",     0LL, ""     , FS_GRUB2_CORE_IMG},
		{     0LL, "\x52\xBF\xF4\x81",     0LL, ""     , FS_GRUB2_CORE_IMG},
		{     0LL, "\x52\x56\xBE\x63",     0LL, ""     , FS_GRUB2_CORE_IMG},
		{     0LL, "\x52\x56\xBE\x56",     0LL, ""     , FS_GRUB2_CORE_IMG},
		{    24LL, apfs_sig1         ,    32LL, "NXSB" , FS_APFS          },
		{   512LL, "LABELONE"        ,   536LL, "LVM2" , FS_LVM2_PV       },
		{  1030LL, "\x34\x34"        ,     0LL, ""     , FS_NILFS2        },
		{ 65536LL, "ReIsEr4"         ,     0LL, ""     , FS_REISER4       },
		{ 65600LL, "_BHRfS_M"        ,     0LL, ""     , FS_BTRFS         }
	};
	// For simple BitLocker recognition consider validation of BIOS Parameter block
	// fields unnecessary.
	// *   Detecting BitLocker
	//     https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/si_team/detecting-bitlocker
	//     https://web.archive.org/web/20200720030153/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/si_team/detecting-bitlocker
	//
	// Recognise GRUB2 core.img just by any of the possible first 4 bytes of x86 CPU
	// instructions it starts with.
	// *   bootinfoscript v0.77 line 1990  [GRUB2 core.img possible staring 4 bytes]
	//     https://github.com/arvidjaar/bootinfoscript/blob/009f509d59e2f0d39b8d44692e2a81720f5af7b6/bootinfoscript#L1990
	//
	// Simple APFS recognition based on matching the following fields in the
	// superblock:
	// 1)  Object type is OBJECT_TYPE_NX_SUPERBLOCK, lower 16-bits of the object type
	//     field is 0x0001 stored as little endian bytes 0x01, 0x00.
	// 2)  4 byte magic "NXSB".
	// *   Apple File System Reference
	//     https://developer.apple.com/support/apple-file-system/Apple-File-System-Reference.pdf

	Byte_Value prev_read_offset = -1;

	for ( unsigned int i = 0 ; i < sizeof( signatures ) / sizeof( signatures[0] ) ; i ++ )
	{
		if (signatures[i].sig1.length() == 0)
			// Don't allow zero length sig1 signature to match.  Allow sig2 to
			// be zero length for when there is no second signature to match.
			continue;

		Byte_Value read_offset = signatures[i].offset1 / sector_size * sector_size;

		// Optimisation: only read new sector when it is different to the
		// previously read sector.
		if (read_offset != prev_read_offset)
		{
			if (lseek(fd, read_offset, SEEK_SET)  == read_offset &&
			    read(fd, buf.data(), sector_size) == sector_size   )
			{
				prev_read_offset = read_offset;
			}
			else
			{
				// Outside block device boundaries or other error.
				continue;
			}
		}

		std::string magic1(buf.data() + signatures[i].offset1 % sector_size, signatures[i].sig1.length());

		// WARNING: This assumes offset2 is in the same sector as offset1
		std::string magic2(buf.data() + signatures[i].offset2 % sector_size, signatures[i].sig2.length());

		if (magic1 == signatures[i].sig1 && magic2 == signatures[i].sig2)
		{
			fstype = signatures[i].fstype;
			break;
		}
	}

	close(fd);

	return fstype;
}


FSType GParted_Core::detect_filesystem(const PedDevice *lp_device, const PedPartition *lp_partition,
                                       std::vector<Glib::ustring> &messages)
{
	g_assert(lp_device != nullptr);  // Bug: Not initialised by call to ped_device_get() or ped_device_get_next()

	Glib::ustring path;

	if ( lp_partition )
		// Will query partition using methods: (Q1) RAID, (Q2) blkid,
		// (Q3) libparted, (Q4) internal
		path = get_partition_path( lp_partition );
	else
		// Will query whole disk device using methods: (Q1) RAID, (Q2) blkid,
		// (Q4) internal
		path = lp_device->path;

	// (Q1) SWRaid_Info (mdadm) and DMRaid member detection.
	if ( SWRaid_Info::is_member( path ) )
		return SWRaid_Info::get_fstype(path);
	if (DMRaid::is_member(path))
		return FS_ATARAID;

	// (Q2) FS_Info (blkid) file system detection
	// Blkid detects more signatures and generally has less limitations so use before
	// libparted detection, but it doesn't report anything for extended partitions.
	Glib::ustring fsname = FS_Info::get_fs_type(path);

	// (Q3) Libparted file system detection
	// Only used when blkid didn't report anything and only on partitions, not whole
	// disk devices.  (Doesn't detect anything on non-512 byte sector devices before
	// libparted 3.2).
	if ( fsname.empty() && lp_partition && lp_partition->fs_type )
		fsname = lp_partition->fs_type->name;

	if ( ! fsname.empty() )
	{
		if ( fsname == "extended" )
			return FS_EXTENDED;
		else if (fsname == "bcachefs")
			return FS_BCACHEFS;
		else if ( fsname == "btrfs" )
			return FS_BTRFS;
		else if ( fsname == "exfat" )
			return FS_EXFAT;
		else if ( fsname == "ext2" )
			return FS_EXT2;
		else if ( fsname == "ext3" )
			return FS_EXT3;
		else if ( fsname == "ext4"    ||
		          fsname == "ext4dev"    )
			return FS_EXT4;
		else if (fsname == "linux-swap(v0)" ||
		         fsname == "linux-swap(v1)" ||
		         fsname == "swap"             )
			return FS_LINUX_SWAP;
		else if ( fsname == "crypto_LUKS" )
			return FS_LUKS;
		else if ( fsname == "LVM2_member" )
			return FS_LVM2_PV;
		else if ( fsname == "f2fs" )
			return FS_F2FS;
		else if ( fsname == "fat16" )
			return FS_FAT16;
		else if ( fsname == "fat32" )
			return FS_FAT32;
		else if ( fsname == "minix" )
			return FS_MINIX;
		else if ( fsname == "nilfs2" )
			return FS_NILFS2;
		else if ( fsname == "ntfs" )
			return FS_NTFS;
		else if ( fsname == "reiserfs" )
			return FS_REISERFS;
		else if ( fsname == "xfs" )
			return FS_XFS;
		else if ( fsname == "jfs" )
			return FS_JFS;
		else if ( fsname == "hfs" )
			return FS_HFS;
		else if ( fsname == "hfs+"    ||
		          fsname == "hfsx"    ||
		          fsname == "hfsplus"    )
			return FS_HFSPLUS;
		else if ( fsname == "udf" )
			return FS_UDF;
		else if ( fsname == "ufs" )
			return FS_UFS;
		else if ( fsname == "apfs" )
			return FS_APFS;
		else if (fsname == "bcache")
			return FS_BCACHE;
		else if ( fsname == "BitLocker" )
			return FS_BITLOCKER;
		else if ( fsname == "iso9660" )
			return FS_ISO9660;
		else if ( fsname == "jbd" )
			return FS_JBD;
		else if ( fsname == "linux_raid_member" )
			return FS_LINUX_SWRAID ;
		else if ( fsname == "swsusp"    ||
		          fsname == "swsuspend"    )
			return FS_LINUX_SWSUSPEND ;
		else if ( fsname == "ReFS" )
			return FS_REFS;
		else if ( fsname == "zfs_member" )
			return FS_ZFS;
		else if (fsname == "adaptec_raid_member"           ||
		         fsname == "ddf_raid_member"               ||
		         fsname == "hpt45x_raid_member"            ||
		         fsname == "hpt37x_raid_member"            ||
		         fsname == "isw_raid_member"               ||
		         fsname == "jmicron_raid_member"           ||
		         fsname == "lsi_mega_raid_member"          ||
		         fsname == "nvidia_raid_member"            ||
		         fsname == "promise_fasttrack_raid_member" ||
		         fsname == "silicon_medley_raid_member"    ||
		         fsname == "via_raid_member"                 )
			return FS_ATARAID;
	}

	// (Q4) Fallback to GParted simple internal file system detection
	FSType fstype = detect_filesystem_internal(path, lp_device->sector_size);
	if ( fstype != FS_UNKNOWN )
		return fstype;

	//no file system found....
	Glib::ustring  temp = _( "Unable to detect file system! Possible reasons are:" ) ;
	temp += "\n- "; 
	temp += _( "The file system is damaged" ) ;
	temp += "\n- " ; 
	temp += _( "The file system is unknown to GParted" ) ;
	temp += "\n- "; 
	temp += _( "There is no file system available (unformatted)" ) ; 
	temp += "\n- "; 
	/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like  The device entry /dev/sda5 is missing */
	temp += Glib::ustring::compose( _("The device entry %1 is missing"), path );
	
	messages .push_back( temp ) ;

	return FS_UNKNOWN;
}
	
void GParted_Core::read_label( Partition & partition )
{
	FileSystem* p_filesystem = nullptr;
	switch (get_fs(partition.fstype).read_label)
	{
		case FS::EXTERNAL:
			p_filesystem = get_filesystem_object(partition.fstype);
			if ( p_filesystem )
				p_filesystem->read_label( partition );
			break;

		default:
			break;
	}
}

void GParted_Core::read_uuid( Partition & partition )
{
	FileSystem* p_filesystem = nullptr;
	switch (get_fs(partition.fstype).read_uuid)
	{
		case FS::EXTERNAL:
			p_filesystem = get_filesystem_object(partition.fstype);
			if ( p_filesystem )
				p_filesystem->read_uuid( partition );
			break;

		default:
			break;
	}
}

void GParted_Core::insert_unallocated( const Glib::ustring & device_path,
                                       PartitionVector & partitions,
                                       Sector start,
                                       Sector end,
                                       Byte_Value sector_size,
                                       bool inside_extended )
{
	//if there are no partitions at all..
	if ( partitions .empty() )
	{
		Partition * partition_temp = new Partition();
		partition_temp->Set_Unallocated( device_path, start, end, sector_size, inside_extended );
		partitions.push_back_adopt( partition_temp );
		return ;
	}
		
	//start <---> first partition start
	if ( (partitions .front() .sector_start - start) > (MEBIBYTE / sector_size) )
	{
		Sector temp_end = partitions.front().sector_start - 1;
		Partition * partition_temp = new Partition();
		partition_temp->Set_Unallocated( device_path, start, temp_end, sector_size, inside_extended );
		partitions.insert_adopt( partitions.begin(), partition_temp );
	}
	
	//look for gaps in between
	for ( unsigned int t =0 ; t < partitions .size() -1 ; t++ )
	{
		if (   ( ( partitions[ t + 1 ] .sector_start - partitions[ t ] .sector_end - 1 ) > (MEBIBYTE / sector_size) )
		    || (   ( partitions[ t + 1 ] .type != TYPE_LOGICAL )  // Only show exactly 1 MiB if following partition is not logical.
		        && ( ( partitions[ t + 1 ] .sector_start - partitions[ t ] .sector_end - 1 ) == (MEBIBYTE / sector_size) )
		       )
		   )
		{
			Sector temp_start = partitions[t].sector_end + 1;
			Sector temp_end   = partitions[t+1].sector_start - 1;
			Partition * partition_temp = new Partition();
			partition_temp->Set_Unallocated( device_path, temp_start, temp_end,
			                                 sector_size, inside_extended );
			partitions.insert_adopt( partitions.begin() + ++t, partition_temp );
		}
	}

	//last partition end <---> end
	if ( (end - partitions .back() .sector_end) >= (MEBIBYTE / sector_size) )
	{
		Sector temp_start = partitions.back().sector_end + 1;
		Partition * partition_temp = new Partition();
		partition_temp->Set_Unallocated( device_path, temp_start, end, sector_size, inside_extended );
		partitions.push_back_adopt( partition_temp );
	}
}


Glib::ustring GParted_Core::check_logical_esp_warning(PartitionType ptntype, bool esp_flag)
{
	Glib::ustring warning;
	if (ptntype == TYPE_LOGICAL && esp_flag)
	{
		/*TO TRANSLATORS: "logical" refers to a logical partition within an
		 * extended partition on an MSDOS / MBR partition table.
		 */
		warning = _("UEFI firmware does not support booting from a logical EFI System Partition (ESP)");
	}
	return warning;
}


// Set and clear partition flags consistently according to the existing flags, partition
// table and file system type.
void GParted_Core::compose_partition_flags(Partition& partition, const Glib::ustring& disktype)
{
	// For this EFI System Partition (ESP) containing a FAT file system clear other
	// possible flags.
	if (partition.is_flag_set("esp")                                   &&
	    (partition.fstype == FS_FAT16 || partition.fstype == FS_FAT32)   )
	{
		partition.set_only_flag("esp");
		return;
	}

	// For this LVM2 PV file system only set the LVM flag.
	if (partition.fstype == FS_LVM2_PV)
	{
		partition.set_only_flag("lvm");
		return;
	}

	// On an MSDOS table for this Extended partition or FAT16/32 file system always
	// set the LBA (Logical Block Addressing) flag to move into the 21 century and
	// match how the Parted command and GNOME Disks create such partitions.
	if (disktype == "msdos"                    &&
	    (partition.type   == TYPE_EXTENDED ||
	     partition.fstype == FS_FAT16      ||
	     partition.fstype == FS_FAT32        )   )
	{
		partition.set_only_flag("lba");
		return;
	}

	// Otherwise clear the flags.
	partition.clear_all_flags();
}


void GParted_Core::set_mountpoints( Partition & partition )
{
	if (partition.fstype == FS_LVM2_PV)
	{
		const Glib::ustring& vgname = LVM2_PV_Info::get_vg_name(partition.get_path());
		if ( ! vgname.empty() )
			partition.add_mountpoint( vgname );
	}
	else if (partition.fstype == FS_LINUX_SWRAID)
	{
		const Glib::ustring& array_path = SWRaid_Info::get_array(partition.get_path());
		if ( ! array_path.empty() )
			partition.add_mountpoint( array_path );
	}
	else if (partition.fstype == FS_ATARAID)
	{
		const Glib::ustring& array_path = SWRaid_Info::get_array(partition.get_path());
		if (! array_path.empty())
		{
			partition.add_mountpoint(array_path);
		}
		else
		{
			const Glib::ustring& array_path_2 = DMRaid::get_array(partition.get_path());
			if (! array_path_2.empty())
				partition.add_mountpoint(array_path_2);
		}
	}
	else if (partition.fstype == FS_BCACHE)
	{
		const Glib::ustring bcache_path = BCache_Info::get_bcache_device(partition.device_path,
		                                                                 partition.get_path());
		if (! bcache_path.empty())
			partition.add_mountpoint(bcache_path);
	}
	else if (partition.fstype == FS_LUKS)
	{
		LUKS_Mapping mapping = LUKS_Info::get_cache_entry( partition.get_path() );
		if ( ! mapping.name.empty() )
			partition.add_mountpoint( DEV_MAPPER_PATH + mapping.name );
	}
	// Swap spaces and jbds don't have mount points so don't bother trying to add them.
	else if (partition.fstype != FS_LINUX_SWAP &&
	         partition.fstype != FS_JBD          )
	{
		if ( partition.busy )
		{
#ifndef USE_LIBPARTED_DMRAID
			// Handle dmraid devices differently because there may be more
			// than one partition name.
			// E.g., there might be names with and/or without a 'p' between
			//       the device name and partition number.
			if (DMRaid::is_dmraid_device(partition.device_path))
			{
				// Try device_name + partition_number
				Glib::ustring dmraid_path = partition.device_path +
				                            Utils::num_to_str( partition.partition_number );
				if ( set_mountpoints_helper( partition, dmraid_path ) )
					return;

				// Try device_name + p + partition_number
				dmraid_path = partition.device_path + "p" +
				              Utils::num_to_str( partition.partition_number );
				if ( set_mountpoints_helper( partition, dmraid_path ) )
					return;
			}
			else
#endif
			{
				// Normal device, not DMRaid device
				if ( set_mountpoints_helper( partition, partition.get_path() ) )
					return;
			}

			if ( partition.get_mountpoints().empty() )
				partition.push_back_message( _("Unable to find mount point") );
		}
		else  // Not busy file system
		{
			partition.add_mountpoints( Mount_Info::get_fstab_mountpoints( partition.get_path() ) );
		}
	}
}

bool GParted_Core::set_mountpoints_helper( Partition & partition, const Glib::ustring & path )
{
	Glib::ustring search_path ;
	if (partition.fstype == FS_BTRFS)
		search_path = btrfs::get_mount_device( path ) ;
	else
		search_path = path ;

	const std::vector<Glib::ustring> & mountpoints = Mount_Info::get_mounted_mountpoints( search_path );
	if ( mountpoints.size() )
	{
		partition.add_mountpoints( mountpoints );
		partition.fs_readonly = Mount_Info::is_dev_mounted_readonly( search_path );
		return true ;
	}

	return false;
}


// Report whether the partition is busy (mounted/active)
bool GParted_Core::is_busy(const Glib::ustring& device_path, FSType fstype, const Glib::ustring& partition_path)
{
	FileSystem* p_filesystem = nullptr;
	bool busy = false ;

	if ( supported_filesystem( fstype ) )
	{
		switch ( get_fs( fstype ) .busy )
		{
			case FS::GPARTED:
				//Search GParted internal mounted partitions map
				busy = Mount_Info::is_dev_mounted(partition_path);
				break ;

			case FS::EXTERNAL:
				//Call file system specific method
				p_filesystem = get_filesystem_object( fstype ) ;
				if ( p_filesystem )
					busy = p_filesystem -> is_busy(partition_path) ;
				break;

			default:
				break ;
		}
	}
	else
	{
		// Custom checks for recognised but other not-supported file system types.
		switch (fstype)
		{
			case FS_LINUX_SWRAID:
				busy = SWRaid_Info::is_member_active(partition_path);
				break;
			case FS_ATARAID:
				busy = SWRaid_Info::is_member_active(partition_path) ||
				       DMRaid::is_member_active(partition_path);
				break;
			case FS_BCACHE:
				busy = BCache_Info::is_active(device_path, partition_path);
				break;
			case FS_JBD:
				busy = Utils::is_dev_busy(partition_path);
				break;
			default:
				// Still search GParted internal mounted partitions map in
				// case an unknown file system is mounted.
				busy = Mount_Info::is_dev_mounted(partition_path);
				break;
		}
	}

	return busy ;
}


void GParted_Core::set_used_sectors( Partition & partition, PedDisk* lp_disk )
{
	if (supported_filesystem(partition.fstype))
	{
		FileSystem* p_filesystem = nullptr;
		if ( partition.busy )
		{
			switch(get_fs(partition.fstype).online_read)
			{
				case FS::EXTERNAL:
					p_filesystem = get_filesystem_object(partition.fstype);
					if ( p_filesystem )
						p_filesystem->set_used_sectors( partition );
					break;
				case FS::GPARTED:
					mounted_fs_set_used_sectors( partition );
					break;
				default:
					break;
			}
		}
		else  // Not busy file system
		{
			switch(get_fs(partition.fstype).read)
			{
				case FS::EXTERNAL:
					p_filesystem = get_filesystem_object(partition.fstype);
					if ( p_filesystem )
						p_filesystem->set_used_sectors( partition );
					break;
				case FS::LIBPARTED:
					if ( lp_disk )
						LP_set_used_sectors( partition, lp_disk );
					break;
				default:
					break;
			}
		}

		Sector unallocated;
		// Only confirm that the above code succeeded in setting the sector usage
		// values for this base Partition object, hence the explicit call to the
		// base Partition class sector_usage_known() method.  For LUKS this avoids
		// calling derived PartitionLUKS class sector_usage_known() which also
		// checks for known sector usage in the encrypted file system.  But that
		// wasn't set by the above code so in the case of luks/unknown would
		// produce a false positive.
		if ( ! partition.Partition::sector_usage_known() )
		{
			Glib::ustring temp = _("Unable to read the contents of this file system!");
			temp += "\n";
			temp += _("Because of this some operations may be unavailable.");
			if (! Utils::get_filesystem_software(partition.fstype).empty())
			{
				temp += "\n";
				temp += _("The cause might be a missing software package.");
				temp += "\n";
				/*TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   The following list of software packages is required for NTFS file system support:  ntfsprogs. */
				temp += Glib::ustring::compose( _("The following list of software packages is required for %1 file system support:  %2."),
				                               Utils::get_filesystem_string(partition.fstype),
				                               Utils::get_filesystem_software(partition.fstype)
				                              );
			}
			partition.push_back_message( temp );
		}
		else if ( ( unallocated = partition.get_sectors_unallocated() ) > 0 )
		{
			/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   1.28GiB of unallocated space within the partition. */
			Glib::ustring temp = Glib::ustring::compose( _("%1 of unallocated space within the partition."),
			                                       Utils::format_size( unallocated, partition.sector_size ) );
			FS fs = get_fs(partition.fstype);
			if ( fs.check != FS::NONE && fs.grow != FS::NONE )
			{
				temp += "\n";
				/* TO TRANSLATORS: To grow the file system to fill the partition, select the partition and choose the menu item:
				 * means that the user can perform a check of the partition which will
				 * also grow the file system to fill the partition.
				 */
				temp += _("To grow the file system to fill the partition, select the partition and choose the menu item:");
				temp += "\n";
				temp += _("Partition --> Check.");
			}
			partition.push_back_message( temp );
		}

		if ( filesystem_resize_disallowed( partition ) )
		{
			Glib::ustring temp = get_filesystem_object(partition.fstype)
			                     ->get_custom_text( CTEXT_RESIZE_DISALLOWED_WARNING );
			if ( ! temp.empty() )
				partition.push_back_message( temp );
		}
	}
	else
	{
		// Set usage of mounted but unsupported file systems.
		if ( partition.busy )
			mounted_fs_set_used_sectors(partition);
	}
}

void GParted_Core::mounted_fs_set_used_sectors( Partition & partition )
{
	if (partition.get_mountpoints().size() > 0 && Mount_Info::is_dev_mounted(partition.get_path()))
	{
		Byte_Value fs_size ;
		Byte_Value fs_free ;
		Glib::ustring error_message ;
		if ( Utils::get_mounted_filesystem_usage( partition .get_mountpoint(),
		                                          fs_size, fs_free, error_message ) == 0 )
			partition .set_sector_usage( fs_size / partition .sector_size,
			                             fs_free / partition .sector_size ) ;
		else
			partition.push_back_message( error_message );
	}
}


void GParted_Core::LP_set_used_sectors( Partition & partition, PedDisk* lp_disk )
{
	PedFileSystem* fs = nullptr;
	PedConstraint* constraint = nullptr;

	if ( lp_disk )
	{
		PedPartition* lp_partition = get_lp_partition(lp_disk, partition);

		if ( lp_partition )
		{
			fs = ped_file_system_open( & lp_partition ->geom ); 	
					
			if ( fs )
			{
				constraint = ped_file_system_get_resize_constraint( fs ) ;
				if ( constraint )
				{
					partition .set_sector_usage( fs ->geom ->length,
					                             fs ->geom ->length - constraint ->min_size ) ;
					
					ped_constraint_destroy( constraint );
				}
												
				ped_file_system_close( fs ) ;
			}
		}
	}
}


void GParted_Core::set_flags( Partition & partition, PedPartition* lp_partition )
{
	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < m_all_libparted_flags.size(); i++)
		if (ped_partition_is_flag_available(lp_partition, m_all_libparted_flags[i]) &&
		    ped_partition_get_flag(lp_partition, m_all_libparted_flags[i])            )
		{
			partition.set_flag(ped_partition_flag_get_name(m_all_libparted_flags[i]));
		}

	Glib::ustring warning = check_logical_esp_warning(partition.type, partition.is_flag_set("esp"));
	if (warning.size() > 0)
		partition.push_back_message(warning);
}


bool GParted_Core::create( Partition & new_partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	bool success;
	if ( new_partition.type == TYPE_EXTENDED )
	{
		success = create_partition( new_partition, operationdetail );
	}
	else
	{
		FS_Limits fs_limits = get_filesystem_limits(new_partition.fstype, new_partition);
		success = create_partition( new_partition, operationdetail,
		                            fs_limits.min_size / new_partition.sector_size );
	}
	if ( ! success )
		return false;

	if ( ! new_partition.name.empty() )
	{
		if ( ! name_partition( new_partition, operationdetail ) )
			return false;
	}

	if (new_partition.type == TYPE_EXTENDED)
		return set_partition_type(new_partition, operationdetail);
	else if (new_partition.fstype == FS_UNFORMATTED)
		return true;
	else if (new_partition.fstype == FS_CLEARED)
		return erase_filesystem_signatures( new_partition, operationdetail );
	else
		return    erase_filesystem_signatures( new_partition, operationdetail )
		       && set_partition_type( new_partition, operationdetail )
		       && create_filesystem( new_partition, operationdetail );
}


bool GParted_Core::create_partition( Partition & new_partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail, Sector min_size )
{
	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( _("create empty partition") ) ) ;
	
	new_partition .partition_number = 0 ;
	PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
	PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
	if ( get_device_and_disk( new_partition .device_path, lp_device, lp_disk ) )
	{
		PedPartitionType type;
		PedConstraint* constraint = nullptr;
		PedFileSystemType* fs_type = nullptr;

		//create new partition
		switch ( new_partition .type )
		{
			case TYPE_PRIMARY:
				type = PED_PARTITION_NORMAL ;
				break ;
			case TYPE_LOGICAL:
				type = PED_PARTITION_LOGICAL ;
				break ;
			case TYPE_EXTENDED:
				type = PED_PARTITION_EXTENDED ;
				break ;
				
			default	:
				type = PED_PARTITION_FREESPACE;
		}

		if (new_partition.type != TYPE_EXTENDED)
			fs_type = ped_file_system_type_get( "ext2" ) ;

		PedPartition* lp_partition = ped_partition_new( lp_disk,
						  type,
						  fs_type,
						  new_partition .sector_start,
						  new_partition .sector_end ) ;
	
		if ( lp_partition )
		{
			if (   new_partition .alignment == ALIGN_STRICT
			    || new_partition .alignment == ALIGN_MEBIBYTE
			   )
			{
				PedGeometry *geom = ped_geometry_new( lp_device,
								      new_partition .sector_start,
								      new_partition .get_sector_length() ) ;

				if ( geom )
				{
					constraint = ped_constraint_exact( geom ) ;
					ped_geometry_destroy( geom );
				}
			}
			else
				constraint = ped_constraint_any( lp_device );
			
			if ( constraint )
			{
				if (   min_size > 0
				    && new_partition.fstype != FS_XFS  // Permit copying to smaller xfs partition
				   )
					constraint ->min_size = min_size ;
		
				if ( ped_disk_add_partition( lp_disk, lp_partition, constraint ) && commit( lp_disk ) )
				{
					new_partition.set_path( get_partition_path( lp_partition ) );

					new_partition .partition_number = lp_partition ->num ;
					new_partition .sector_start = lp_partition ->geom .start ;
					new_partition .sector_end = lp_partition ->geom .end ;
					
					operationdetail .get_last_child() .add_child( OperationDetail( 
						/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   path: /dev/sda1 (partition)
						 * This is showing the name and the fact
						 * that it is a partition within a device.
						 */
						Glib::ustring::compose( _("path: %1 (%2)"),
						                  new_partition.get_path(), _("partition") ) + "\n" +
						Glib::ustring::compose( _("start: %1"), new_partition .sector_start ) + "\n" +
						Glib::ustring::compose( _("end: %1"), new_partition .sector_end ) + "\n" +
						Glib::ustring::compose( _("size: %1 (%2)"),
								new_partition .get_sector_length(),
								Utils::format_size( new_partition .get_sector_length(), new_partition .sector_size ) ),
						STATUS_NONE,
						FONT_ITALIC ) ) ;
				}
			
				ped_constraint_destroy( constraint );
			}
		}
				
		destroy_device_and_disk( lp_device, lp_disk ) ;
	}

	bool success = new_partition.partition_number > 0;

#ifndef USE_LIBPARTED_DMRAID
	//create dev map entries if dmraid
	if (success && DMRaid::is_dmraid_device(new_partition.device_path))
		success = DMRaid::create_dev_map_entries(new_partition, operationdetail.get_last_child());
#endif

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(success);
	return success;
}


bool GParted_Core::create_filesystem( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail ) 
{
	if (partition.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition.busy)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("partition contains open LUKS encryption for a create file system only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( Glib::ustring::compose(
							/*TO TRANSLATORS: looks like create new ext3 file system */ 
							_("create new %1 file system"),
							Utils::get_filesystem_string(partition.fstype))));

	bool success = false;
	FileSystem* p_filesystem = nullptr;
	switch (get_fs(partition.fstype).create)
	{
		case FS::NONE:
			break ;
		case FS::GPARTED:
			break ;
		case FS::LIBPARTED:
			break ;
		case FS::EXTERNAL:
			success = (p_filesystem = get_filesystem_object(partition.fstype)) &&
				  p_filesystem->create(partition, operationdetail.get_last_child());

			break ;

		default:
			break ;
	}

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(success);
	return success;
}


bool GParted_Core::format( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (partition.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition.busy)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("partition contains open LUKS encryption for a format file system only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	if (partition.fstype == FS_CLEARED)
		return    erase_filesystem_signatures(partition, operationdetail)
		       && set_partition_type(partition, operationdetail);
	else
		return    erase_filesystem_signatures( partition, operationdetail )
		       && set_partition_type( partition, operationdetail )
		       && create_filesystem( partition, operationdetail ) ;
}

bool GParted_Core::delete_partition( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( _("delete partition") ) ) ;

	bool success = false;
	PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
	PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
	if ( get_device_and_disk( partition .device_path, lp_device, lp_disk ) )
	{
		PedPartition* lp_partition = get_lp_partition( lp_disk, partition );

		success = ped_disk_delete_partition(lp_disk, lp_partition) && commit(lp_disk);

		destroy_device_and_disk( lp_device, lp_disk ) ;
	}

#ifndef USE_LIBPARTED_DMRAID
	//delete partition dev mapper entry, and delete and recreate all other affected dev mapper entries if dmraid
	if (success && DMRaid::is_dmraid_device(partition.device_path))
	{
		PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
		PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
		//Open disk handle before and close after to prevent application crash.
		if ( get_device_and_disk( partition .device_path, lp_device, lp_disk ) )
		{
			if (! DMRaid::delete_affected_dev_map_entries(partition, operationdetail.get_last_child()))
				success = false;  // comand failed

			if (! DMRaid::create_dev_map_entries(partition, operationdetail.get_last_child()))
				success = false;  // command failed

			destroy_device_and_disk( lp_device, lp_disk ) ;
		}
	}
#endif

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(success);
	return success;
}


bool GParted_Core::remove_filesystem( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (partition.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition.busy)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("partition contains open LUKS encryption for a delete file system only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	bool success = true ;
	FileSystem* p_filesystem = nullptr;

	switch (get_fs(partition.fstype ).remove)
	{
		case FS::EXTERNAL:
			//Run file system specific remove method to delete the file system.  Most
			//  file systems should NOT implement a remove() method as it will prevent
			//  recovery from accidental partition deletion.
			operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( Glib::ustring::compose(
								_("delete %1 file system"),
								Utils::get_filesystem_string(partition.fstype))));
			success = (p_filesystem = get_filesystem_object(partition.fstype)) &&
			          p_filesystem ->remove( partition, operationdetail .get_last_child() ) ;
			operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( success );
			break ;

		default:
			break ;
	}
	return success ;
}

bool GParted_Core::label_filesystem( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (partition.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition.busy)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("partition contains open LUKS encryption for a label file system only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	if( partition.get_filesystem_label().empty() ) {
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			Glib::ustring::compose( _("Clear file system label on %1"), partition.get_path() ) ) );
	} else {
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			Glib::ustring::compose( _("Set file system label to \"%1\" on %2"),
			                  partition.get_filesystem_label(), partition.get_path() ) ) );
	}

	bool success = false;
	FileSystem* p_filesystem = nullptr;
	const FS& fs_cap = get_fs(partition.fstype);
	FS::Support support = (partition.busy) ? fs_cap.online_write_label : fs_cap.write_label;
	switch (support)
	{
		case FS::EXTERNAL:
			success =    (p_filesystem = get_filesystem_object(partition.fstype))
			          && p_filesystem->write_label(partition, operationdetail.get_last_child());
			break;

		default:
			break;
	}

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(success);
	return success;
}


bool GParted_Core::name_partition( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if ( partition.name.empty() )
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("Clear partition name on %1"), partition.get_path() ) ) );
	else
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("Set partition name to \"%1\" on %2"),
				                  partition.name, partition.get_path() ) ) );

	bool success = false;
	PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
	PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
	if ( get_device_and_disk( partition.device_path, lp_device, lp_disk ) )
	{
		PedPartition* lp_partition = get_lp_partition(lp_disk, partition);
		if ( lp_partition )
		{
			success =    ped_partition_set_name( lp_partition, partition.name.c_str() )
			          && commit( lp_disk );
		}
	}

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( success );
	return success;
}

bool GParted_Core::change_filesystem_uuid( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (partition.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition.busy)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("partition contains open LUKS encryption for a change file system UUID only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	if ( partition .uuid == UUID_RANDOM_NTFS_HALF ) {
		operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( Glib::ustring::compose(
										_("Set half of the UUID on %1 to a new, random value"),
										 partition .get_path()
									 ) ) ) ;
	} else {
		operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( Glib::ustring::compose(
										_("Set UUID on %1 to a new, random value"),
										 partition .get_path()
									 ) ) ) ;
	}

	bool success = false;
	FileSystem* p_filesystem = nullptr;
	switch (get_fs(partition.fstype).write_uuid)
	{
		case FS::EXTERNAL:
			success =    (p_filesystem = get_filesystem_object(partition.fstype))
			          && p_filesystem->write_uuid(partition, operationdetail.get_last_child());
			break;

		default:
			break;
	}

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(success);
	return success;
}


bool GParted_Core::resize_move( const Partition & partition_old,
                                Partition & partition_new,
                                OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (   (partition_new .alignment == ALIGN_STRICT)
	    || (partition_new .alignment == ALIGN_MEBIBYTE)
	    || partition_new .strict_start
	    || calculate_exact_geom( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail )
	   )
	{
		if ( partition_old .type == TYPE_EXTENDED )
			return resize_move_partition( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail, false );

		if ( partition_new .sector_start == partition_old .sector_start )
			return resize( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail ) ;

		if ( partition_new .get_sector_length() == partition_old .get_sector_length() )
		{
			return move( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail );
		}
		Partition* temp = nullptr;
		if ( partition_new .get_sector_length() > partition_old .get_sector_length() )
		{
			//first move, then grow. Since old.length < new.length and new.start is valid, temp is valid.
			temp = partition_new.clone();
			temp->sector_end = temp->sector_start + partition_old.get_sector_length() - 1;
		}
		else  // ( partition_new.get_sector_length() < partition_old.get_sector_length() )
		{
			//first shrink, then move. Since new.length < old.length and old.start is valid, temp is valid.
			temp = partition_old.clone();
			temp->sector_end = partition_old.sector_start + partition_new.get_sector_length() - 1;
		}

		PartitionAlignment previous_alignment = temp->alignment;
		temp->alignment = ALIGN_STRICT;
		bool success = resize_move( partition_old, *temp, operationdetail );
		temp->alignment = previous_alignment;
		if ( success )
			success = resize_move( *temp, partition_new, operationdetail );

		delete temp;
		temp = nullptr;

		return success;
	}

	return false ;
}

bool GParted_Core::move( const Partition & partition_old,
                         const Partition & partition_new,
                         OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if ( partition_old .get_sector_length() != partition_new .get_sector_length() )
	{	
		operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail(
			/* TO TRANSLATORS:
			 * means that GParted has encountered a programming bug and tried
			 * to change the size of a partition when performing a move only
			 * step which is not permitted to change the partition size.
			 */
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("size of the partition is changing for a move only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false ;
	}

	if ( ! check_repair_filesystem( partition_old, operationdetail ) )
		return false;

	// NOTE:
	// Logical partitions are preceded by meta data.  To prevent this meta data from
	// being overwritten we first expand the partition to encompass all of the space
	// involved in the move.  In this way we prevent overwriting the meta data for
	// this partition when we move this partition to the left.  We also prevent
	// overwriting the meta data of a following partition when we move this partition
	// to the right.
	Partition * partition_all_space = partition_old.clone();
	partition_all_space->alignment = ALIGN_STRICT;
	if ( partition_new.sector_start < partition_all_space->sector_start )
		partition_all_space->sector_start = partition_new.sector_start;
	if ( partition_new.sector_end > partition_all_space->sector_end )
		partition_all_space->sector_end = partition_new.sector_end;

	// Make old partition all encompassing and if move file system fails then return
	// partition table to original state
	bool success = false;
	if ( resize_move_partition( partition_old, *partition_all_space, operationdetail, true ) )
	{
		// Note move of file system is from old values to new values, not from the
		// all encompassing values.
		if ( ! move_filesystem( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail ) )
		{
			operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail( _("rollback last change to the partition") ) );

			Partition * partition_restore = partition_old.clone();
			partition_restore->alignment = ALIGN_STRICT;  // Ensure that old partition boundaries are not modified
			if ( resize_move_partition( *partition_all_space, *partition_restore,
			                            operationdetail.get_last_child(), false ) )
			{
				operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( true );
				check_repair_filesystem( partition_old, operationdetail );
			}
			else
			{
				operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( false );
			}

			delete partition_restore;
			partition_restore = nullptr;
		}
		else
		{
			success = true;
		}
	}

	// Make new partition from all encompassing partition
	if ( success )
	{
		success =    resize_move_partition( *partition_all_space, partition_new, operationdetail, false )
		          && update_bootsector( partition_new, operationdetail );
	}

	delete partition_all_space;
	partition_all_space = nullptr;

	if ( ! success )
		return false;

	if (partition_new.fstype == FS_LINUX_SWAP)
		// linux-swap is recreated, not moved
		return recreate_linux_swap_filesystem( partition_new, operationdetail );

	return true;
}

bool GParted_Core::move_filesystem( const Partition & partition_old,
		   		    const Partition & partition_new,
				    OperationDetail & operationdetail ) 
{
	if ( partition_new .sector_start < partition_old .sector_start )
		operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( _("move file system to the left") ) ) ;
	else if ( partition_new .sector_start > partition_old .sector_start )
		operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( _("move file system to the right") ) ) ;
	else
	{
		operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( _("move file system") ) ) ;
		operationdetail .get_last_child() .add_child( 
			OperationDetail( _("new and old file system have the same position.  Hence skipping this operation"),
					 STATUS_NONE,
					 FONT_ITALIC ) ) ;

		operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( true );
		return true ;
	}

	bool success = false;
	FileSystem* p_filesystem = nullptr;
	Sector total_done = 0;
	switch (get_fs(partition_old.fstype).move)
	{
		case FS::NONE:
			break ;
		case FS::GPARTED:
			if ( partition_new .test_overlap( partition_old ) )
			{
				success = copy_filesystem_internal(partition_old,
				                                   partition_new,
				                                   operationdetail.get_last_child(),
				                                   total_done,
				                                   true);

				operationdetail.get_last_child().get_last_child()
				                        .set_success_and_capture_errors(success);
				if (! success)
				{
					rollback_move_filesystem( partition_old,
					                          partition_new,
					                          operationdetail.get_last_child(),
					                          total_done );
				}
			}
			else
				success = copy_filesystem_internal(partition_old,
				                                   partition_new,
				                                   operationdetail.get_last_child(),
				                                   total_done,
				                                   true);

			break ;
		case FS::LIBPARTED:
			break ;
		case FS::EXTERNAL:
			success = (p_filesystem = get_filesystem_object(partition_new.fstype)) &&
			          p_filesystem->move(partition_old,
			                             partition_new,
			                            operationdetail.get_last_child());
			break ;

		default:
			break ;
	}

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(success);
	return success;
}


bool GParted_Core::resize_move_filesystem_using_libparted( const Partition & partition_old,
		  	      		            	   const Partition & partition_new,
						    	   OperationDetail & operationdetail ) 
{
	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( _("using libparted"), STATUS_NONE ) ) ;

	bool return_value = false ;
	PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
	PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
	if ( get_device_and_disk( partition_old .device_path, lp_device, lp_disk ) )
	{
		PedFileSystem* fs = nullptr;
		PedGeometry* lp_geom = nullptr;

		lp_geom = ped_geometry_new( lp_device,
					    partition_old .sector_start,
					    partition_old .get_sector_length() ) ;
		if ( lp_geom )
		{
			fs = ped_file_system_open( lp_geom );

			ped_geometry_destroy( lp_geom );
			lp_geom = nullptr;

			if ( fs )
			{
				lp_geom = ped_geometry_new( lp_device,
							    partition_new .sector_start,
							    partition_new .get_sector_length() ) ;
				if ( lp_geom )
				{
					// Use thread for libparted FS resize call to avoid blocking GUI
					Glib::Thread::create( sigc::bind<PedFileSystem *, PedGeometry *, bool *>(
					                          sigc::mem_fun( *this, &GParted_Core::thread_lp_ped_file_system_resize ),
					                          fs,
					                          lp_geom,
					                          &return_value ),
					                      false );
					Gtk::Main::run();

					if ( return_value )
						commit( lp_disk ) ;

					ped_geometry_destroy( lp_geom );
				}

				ped_file_system_close( fs );
			}
		}

		destroy_device_and_disk( lp_device, lp_disk ) ;
	}

	return return_value ;
}


void GParted_Core::thread_lp_ped_file_system_resize( PedFileSystem * fs,
                                                     PedGeometry * lp_geom,
                                                     bool * return_value )
{
	*return_value = ped_file_system_resize(fs, lp_geom, nullptr);
	g_idle_add((GSourceFunc)_mainquit, nullptr);
}


bool GParted_Core::resize( const Partition & partition_old, 
			   const Partition & partition_new,
			   OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if ( partition_old .sector_start != partition_new .sector_start )
	{	
		operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( 
			/* TO TRANSLATORS:
			 * means that GParted has encountered a programming bug and tried
			 * to move the start of the partition when performing a resize
			 * only step which is not permitted to change the start of the
			 * partition.
			 */
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("start of the partition is changing for a resize only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false ;
	}

	if (partition_new.fstype == FS_LUKS)
		return resize_encryption( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail );
	else
		return resize_plain( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail );
}

bool GParted_Core::resize_encryption( const Partition & partition_old,
                                      const Partition & partition_new,
                                      OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (partition_old.fstype != FS_LUKS)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("partition does not contain LUKS encryption for a resize encryption only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	Sector delta = partition_new.get_sector_length() - partition_old.get_sector_length();

	if ( ! partition_old.busy && delta < 0LL )
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("impossible to shrink a closed LUKS encryption volume"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	if ( ! partition_old.busy )
	{
		// grow closed LUKS.
		// maximize_encryption() is only called to display no action needed
		// operation message generated in luks::resize() for this case.
		return    resize_move_partition( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail, true )
		       && maximize_encryption( partition_new, operationdetail );
	}

	const Partition & filesystem_ptn_new = partition_new.get_filesystem_partition();

	if (filesystem_ptn_new.fstype == FS_LINUX_SWAP)
	{
		// LUKS is resized, but linux-swap is recreated, not resized
		if ( delta < 0LL )  // shrink
		{
			return    shrink_encryption( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail )
			       && resize_move_partition( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail, false )
			       && recreate_linux_swap_filesystem( filesystem_ptn_new, operationdetail );
		}
		else if ( delta > 0LL ) // grow
		{
			return    resize_move_partition( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail, true )
			       && maximize_encryption( partition_new, operationdetail )
			       && recreate_linux_swap_filesystem( filesystem_ptn_new, operationdetail );
		}
	}

	const Partition & filesystem_ptn_old = partition_old.get_filesystem_partition();
	if ( delta < 0LL )  // shrink
	{
		return    check_repair_filesystem( filesystem_ptn_old, operationdetail )
		       && shrink_filesystem( filesystem_ptn_old, filesystem_ptn_new, operationdetail )
		       && shrink_encryption( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail )
		       && resize_move_partition( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail, false );
	}
	else if ( delta > 0LL )  // grow
	{
		return    check_repair_filesystem( filesystem_ptn_old, operationdetail )
		       && resize_move_partition( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail, true )
		       && maximize_encryption( partition_new, operationdetail )
		       && maximize_filesystem( filesystem_ptn_new, operationdetail );
	}

	return true;
}

bool GParted_Core::resize_plain( const Partition & partition_old,
                                 const Partition & partition_new,
                                 OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (partition_old.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition_old.busy)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("partition contains open LUKS encryption for a resize file system only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	if (partition_new.fstype == FS_LINUX_SWAP)
	{
		// linux-swap is recreated, not resized
		return    resize_move_partition( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail, true )
		       && recreate_linux_swap_filesystem( partition_new, operationdetail );
	}

	Sector delta = partition_new.get_sector_length() - partition_old.get_sector_length();
	if ( delta < 0LL )  // shrink
	{
		return    check_repair_filesystem( partition_new, operationdetail )
		       && shrink_filesystem( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail )
		       && resize_move_partition( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail, false );
	}
	else if ( delta > 0LL )  // grow
	{
		return    check_repair_filesystem( partition_new, operationdetail )
		       && resize_move_partition( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail, true )
		       && maximize_filesystem( partition_new, operationdetail );
	}

	return true;
}

bool GParted_Core::resize_move_partition( const Partition & partition_old,
                                          const Partition & partition_new,
                                          OperationDetail & operationdetail,
                                          bool rollback_on_fail )
{
	if ( partition_new.type == TYPE_UNPARTITIONED )
		// Trying to resize/move a non-partitioned whole disk device is a
		// successful non-operation.
		return true;

	//i'm not too happy with this, but i think it is the correct way from a i18n POV
	enum Action
	{
		NONE			= 0,
		MOVE_RIGHT	 	= 1,
		MOVE_LEFT		= 2,
		GROW 			= 3,
		SHRINK			= 4,
		MOVE_RIGHT_GROW		= 5,
		MOVE_RIGHT_SHRINK	= 6,
		MOVE_LEFT_GROW		= 7,
		MOVE_LEFT_SHRINK	= 8
	} ;
	Action action = NONE ;

	if ( partition_new .get_sector_length() > partition_old .get_sector_length() )
		action = GROW ;
	else if ( partition_new .get_sector_length() < partition_old .get_sector_length() )
		action = SHRINK ;

	if ( partition_new .sector_start > partition_old .sector_start &&
	     partition_new .sector_end > partition_old .sector_end )
		action = action == GROW ? MOVE_RIGHT_GROW : action == SHRINK ? MOVE_RIGHT_SHRINK : MOVE_RIGHT ;
	else if ( partition_new .sector_start < partition_old .sector_start &&
	     partition_new .sector_end < partition_old .sector_end )
		action = action == GROW ? MOVE_LEFT_GROW : action == SHRINK ? MOVE_LEFT_SHRINK : MOVE_LEFT ;

	Glib::ustring description ;	
	switch ( action )
	{
		case NONE		:
			description = _("resize/move partition") ;
			break ;
		case MOVE_RIGHT		:
			description = _("move partition to the right") ;
			break ;
		case MOVE_LEFT		:
			description = _("move partition to the left") ;
			break ;
		case GROW 		:
			description = _("grow partition from %1 to %2") ;
			break ;
		case SHRINK		:
			description = _("shrink partition from %1 to %2") ;
			break ;
		case MOVE_RIGHT_GROW	:
			description = _("move partition to the right and grow it from %1 to %2") ;
			break ;
		case MOVE_RIGHT_SHRINK	:
			description = _("move partition to the right and shrink it from %1 to %2") ;
			break ;
		case MOVE_LEFT_GROW	:
			description = _("move partition to the left and grow it from %1 to %2") ;
			break ;
		case MOVE_LEFT_SHRINK	:
			description = _("move partition to the left and shrink it from %1 to %2") ;
			break ;
	}

	if ( ! description .empty() && action != NONE && action != MOVE_LEFT && action != MOVE_RIGHT )
		description = Glib::ustring::compose( description,
						Utils::format_size( partition_old .get_sector_length(), partition_old .sector_size ),
						Utils::format_size( partition_new .get_sector_length(), partition_new .sector_size ) ) ;

	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( description ) ) ;

	
	if ( action == NONE )
	{
		operationdetail .get_last_child() .add_child( 
			OperationDetail( _("new and old partition have the same size and position.  Hence skipping this operation"),
					  STATUS_NONE,
					  FONT_ITALIC ) ) ;

		operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( true );
		return true ;
	}

	operationdetail .get_last_child() .add_child( 
		OperationDetail(
			Glib::ustring::compose( _("old start: %1"), partition_old .sector_start ) + "\n" +
			Glib::ustring::compose( _("old end: %1"), partition_old .sector_end ) + "\n" +
			Glib::ustring::compose( _("old size: %1 (%2)"),
					partition_old .get_sector_length(),
					Utils::format_size( partition_old .get_sector_length(), partition_old .sector_size ) ),
		STATUS_NONE, 
		FONT_ITALIC ) ) ;
	
	//finally the actual resize/move
	Sector new_start = -1;
	Sector new_end = -1;
	bool success = resize_move_partition_implement( partition_old, partition_new, new_start, new_end );
	if ( success )
	{
		//Change to partition succeeded
		operationdetail .get_last_child() .add_child( 
			OperationDetail(
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("new start: %1"), new_start ) + "\n" +
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("new end: %1"), new_end ) + "\n" +
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("new size: %1 (%2)"),
						new_end - new_start + 1,
						Utils::format_size( new_end - new_start + 1, partition_new .sector_size ) ),
			STATUS_NONE, 
			FONT_ITALIC ) ) ;

		//update dev mapper entry if partition is dmraid.
		success = success && update_dmraid_entry( partition_new, operationdetail );
	}
	else
	{
		//Change to partition failed
		operationdetail .get_last_child() .add_child(
			OperationDetail(
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("requested start: %1"), partition_new .sector_start ) + "\n" +
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("requested end: %1"), partition_new . sector_end ) + "\n" +
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("requested size: %1 (%2)"),
						partition_new .get_sector_length(),
						Utils::format_size( partition_new .get_sector_length(), partition_new .sector_size ) ),
								STATUS_NONE,
								FONT_ITALIC )
								) ;
	}
	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( success );

	if ( ! success && rollback_on_fail )
	{
		operationdetail.add_child(
				OperationDetail( _("attempt to rollback failed change to the partition") ) );

		// Create a temporary partition which is the intersection of the old and
		// new partitions so that the middle sector can be used to identify the
		// partition needing rollback, whether or not the above failed partition
		// change made it to the drive or not.
		Partition *partition_intersection = partition_new.clone();
		partition_intersection->sector_start = std::max( partition_old.sector_start,
		                                                 partition_new.sector_start );
		partition_intersection->sector_end   = std::min( partition_old.sector_end,
		                                                 partition_new.sector_end );

		Partition *partition_restore = partition_old.clone();
		// Ensure that old partition boundaries are not modified
		partition_restore->alignment = ALIGN_STRICT;

		bool rollback_success = resize_move_partition_implement( *partition_intersection, *partition_restore,
		                                                         new_start, new_end );

		operationdetail.get_last_child().add_child(
			OperationDetail(
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("original start: %1"), partition_restore->sector_start ) + "\n" +
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("original end: %1"), partition_restore->sector_end ) + "\n" +
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("original size: %1 (%2)"),
					partition_restore->get_sector_length(),
					Utils::format_size( partition_restore->get_sector_length(), partition_restore->sector_size ) ),
				STATUS_NONE, FONT_ITALIC ) );

		// Update dev mapper entry if partition is dmraid.
		rollback_success = rollback_success && update_dmraid_entry( *partition_restore, operationdetail );

		delete partition_restore;
		partition_restore = nullptr;
		delete partition_intersection;
		partition_intersection = nullptr;

		operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( rollback_success );
	}

	return success;
}

bool GParted_Core::resize_move_partition_implement( const Partition & partition_old,
                                                    const Partition & partition_new,
                                                    Sector & new_start,
                                                    Sector & new_end )
{
	bool success = false;
	PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
	PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
	if ( get_device_and_disk( partition_old.device_path, lp_device, lp_disk ) )
	{
		PedPartition *lp_partition = get_lp_partition( lp_disk, partition_old );
		if ( lp_partition )
		{
			PedConstraint* constraint = nullptr;
			if ( partition_new.alignment == ALIGN_STRICT   ||
			     partition_new.alignment == ALIGN_MEBIBYTE ||
			     partition_new.strict_start                   )
			{
				PedGeometry *geom = ped_geometry_new( lp_device,
				                                      partition_new.sector_start,
				                                      partition_new.get_sector_length() );
				if ( geom )
				{
					constraint = ped_constraint_exact( geom );
					ped_geometry_destroy( geom );
				}
			}
			else
			{
				constraint = ped_constraint_any( lp_device );
			}

			if ( constraint )
			{
				if ( ped_disk_set_partition_geom( lp_disk,
				                                  lp_partition,
				                                  constraint,
				                                  partition_new.sector_start,
				                                  partition_new.sector_end ) )
				{
					new_start = lp_partition->geom.start;
					new_end = lp_partition->geom.end;

					success = commit( lp_disk );
				}

				ped_constraint_destroy( constraint );
			}
		}

		destroy_device_and_disk( lp_device, lp_disk );
	}

	return success;
}

bool GParted_Core::shrink_encryption( const Partition & partition_old,
                                      const Partition & partition_new,
                                      OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (! (partition_old.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition_old.busy))
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("partition does not contain open LUKS encryption for a shrink encryption only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail( _("shrink encryption volume") ) );
	bool success = resize_filesystem_implement( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail );
	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( success );
	return success;
}

bool GParted_Core::maximize_encryption( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (partition.fstype != FS_LUKS)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("partition does not contain LUKS encryption for a maximize encryption only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail( _("grow encryption volume to fill the partition") ) );

	// Checking if growing is allowed is only relevant for the check repair operation
	// to inform the user why the grow step is being skipped.  For a resize/move
	// operation these growing checks are merely retesting those performed to allow
	// the operation to be queued in the first place.  See
	// Win_GParted::set_valid_operations().
	if (get_fs(partition.fstype).grow == FS::NONE)
	{
		operationdetail.get_last_child().add_child( OperationDetail(
				_("growing is not available for this encryption volume"),
				STATUS_NONE, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		operationdetail.get_last_child().set_status( STATUS_WARNING );
		return true;
	}

	bool success = resize_filesystem_implement( partition, partition, operationdetail );
	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( success );
	return success;
}

bool GParted_Core::shrink_filesystem( const Partition & partition_old,
                                      const Partition & partition_new,
                                      OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (partition_old.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition_old.busy)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("partition contains open LUKS encryption for a shrink file system only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}
	if ( partition_new.get_sector_length() >= partition_old.get_sector_length() )
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			/* TO TRANSLATORS:
			 * means that GParted has encountered a programming bug and tried
			 * to grow the partition size or keep it the same when performing
			 * a shrink partition only step.
			 */
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("the new partition size is larger or the same for a shrink only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail( _("shrink file system") ) );
	bool success = resize_filesystem_implement( partition_old, partition_new, operationdetail );
	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( success );
	return success;
}

bool GParted_Core::maximize_filesystem( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail ) 
{
	if (partition.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition.busy)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("partition contains open LUKS encryption for a maximize file system only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( _("grow file system to fill the partition") ) ) ;

	// Checking if growing is available or allowed is only relevant for the check
	// repair operation to inform the user why the grow step is being skipped.  For a
	// resize/move operation these growing checks are merely retesting those performed
	// to allow the operation to be queued in the first place.  See
	// Win_GParted::set_valid_operations() and
	// Dialog_Partition_Resize_Move::Resize_Move_Normal().
	if (get_fs(partition.fstype).grow == FS::NONE)
	{
		operationdetail .get_last_child() .add_child( 
			OperationDetail( _("growing is not available for this file system"),
					  STATUS_NONE,
					  FONT_ITALIC ) ) ;
		operationdetail.get_last_child().set_status( STATUS_WARNING );
		return true ;
	}
	else if ( filesystem_resize_disallowed( partition ) )
	{
		Glib::ustring msg        = _("growing the file system is currently disallowed") ;
		Glib::ustring custom_msg = get_filesystem_object(partition.fstype)
		                           ->get_custom_text( CTEXT_RESIZE_DISALLOWED_WARNING ) ;
		if ( ! custom_msg .empty() )
		{
			msg += "\n" ;
			msg += custom_msg ;
		}
		operationdetail .get_last_child() .add_child( OperationDetail( msg, STATUS_NONE, FONT_ITALIC ) ) ;
		operationdetail.get_last_child().set_status( STATUS_WARNING );
		return true ;
	}

	bool success = resize_filesystem_implement( partition, partition, operationdetail );
	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( success );
	return success;
}

bool GParted_Core::recreate_linux_swap_filesystem( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (partition.fstype != FS_LINUX_SWAP)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   not a linux-swap file system for a recreate linux-swap only step */
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + Glib::ustring::compose( _("not a %1 file system for a recreate %1 only step"),
			                                       Utils::get_filesystem_string( FS_LINUX_SWAP ),
			                                       Utils::get_filesystem_string( FS_LINUX_SWAP ) ),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	if ( ! erase_filesystem_signatures( partition, operationdetail ) )
		return false;

	operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
		/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   recreate linux-swap file system */
		Glib::ustring::compose( _("recreate %1 file system"),
		                  Utils::get_filesystem_string( FS_LINUX_SWAP ) ) ) );

	// Linux-swap is recreated by using the linux_swap::resize() method
	bool success = resize_filesystem_implement( partition, partition, operationdetail );
	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( success );
	return success;
}

bool GParted_Core::resize_filesystem_implement( const Partition & partition_old,
                                                const Partition & partition_new,
                                                OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{

	bool fill_partition = false;
	const FS& fs_cap = get_fs(partition_new.fstype);
	FS::Support action = FS::NONE;
	if ( partition_new.get_sector_length() >= partition_old.get_sector_length() )
	{
		// grow (always maximises the file system to fill the partition)
		fill_partition = true;
		action = ( partition_old.busy ) ? fs_cap.online_grow : fs_cap.grow;
	}
	else
	{
		// shrink
		fill_partition = false;
		action = ( partition_old.busy ) ? fs_cap.online_shrink : fs_cap.shrink;
	}
	bool success = false;
	FileSystem* p_filesystem = nullptr;
	switch ( action )
	{
		case FS::NONE:
			break;
		case FS::GPARTED:
			break;
		case FS::LIBPARTED:
			success = resize_move_filesystem_using_libparted( partition_old,
			                                                  partition_new,
			                                                  operationdetail.get_last_child() );
			break;
		case FS::EXTERNAL:
			success = (p_filesystem = get_filesystem_object(partition_new.fstype)) &&
			          p_filesystem->resize( partition_new,
			                                operationdetail.get_last_child(),
			                                fill_partition );
			break;
		default:
			break;
	}

	return success;
}

bool GParted_Core::copy( const Partition & partition_src,
			 Partition & partition_dst,
			 OperationDetail & operationdetail ) 
{
	const Partition & filesystem_ptn_src = partition_src.get_filesystem_partition();
	Partition & filesystem_ptn_dst = partition_dst.get_filesystem_partition();

	if (   filesystem_ptn_dst.get_byte_length() < filesystem_ptn_src.get_byte_length()
	    && filesystem_ptn_src.fstype != FS_XFS  // Permit copying to smaller xfs partition
	   )
	{
		operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( 
			_("the destination is smaller than the source partition"), STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) ) ;

		return false ;
	}

	if ( partition_dst.status == STAT_COPY )
	{
		// Handle situation where src sector size is smaller than dst sector size
		// and an additional partial dst sector is required.
		Sector min_size = ( partition_src.get_byte_length() + partition_dst.sector_size - 1 ) /
		                  partition_dst.sector_size;
		if ( ! create_partition( partition_dst, operationdetail, min_size ) )
			return false;
	}

	// NOTE:
	// Deliberately call set_partition_type() on the Partition object directly
	// containing the file system, rather than the Partition object containing the
	// partition.  When copying into an existing open LUKS encryption mapping this
	// will avoid changing partition type, where as when copying into a plain
	// partition the type will be set.
	bool success =    erase_filesystem_signatures(filesystem_ptn_dst, operationdetail)
	               && set_partition_type(filesystem_ptn_dst, operationdetail)
	               && copy_filesystem( filesystem_ptn_src, filesystem_ptn_dst, operationdetail )
	               && update_bootsector( partition_dst, operationdetail );
	if ( ! success )
		return false;

	if (filesystem_ptn_dst.fstype == FS_LINUX_SWAP)
	{
		// linux-swap is recreated, not copied
		return recreate_linux_swap_filesystem( filesystem_ptn_dst, operationdetail );
	}

	if (! check_repair_filesystem(filesystem_ptn_dst, operationdetail))
		return false;

	if (filesystem_ptn_dst.get_byte_length() > filesystem_ptn_src.get_byte_length())
	{
		// Copied into a bigger partition so maximise file system
		return maximize_filesystem(filesystem_ptn_dst, operationdetail);
	}
	return true;
}


bool GParted_Core::copy_filesystem( const Partition & partition_src,
                                    Partition & partition_dst,
                                    OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (partition_src.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition_src.busy)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("source partition contains open LUKS encryption for a file system copy only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}
	if (partition_dst.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition_dst.busy)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("destination partition contains open LUKS encryption for a file system copy only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			Glib::ustring::compose( _("copy file system from %1 to %2"),
			                  partition_src.get_path(),
			                  partition_dst.get_path() ) ) );

	bool success = false;
	FileSystem* p_filesystem = nullptr;
	switch (get_fs(partition_dst.fstype).copy)
	{
		case FS::GPARTED:
			success = copy_filesystem_internal( partition_src,
			                                    partition_dst,
			                                    operationdetail.get_last_child(),
			                                    true );
			break;

		case FS::LIBPARTED:
			// FIXME: see if copying through libparted has any advantages
			break;

		case FS::EXTERNAL:
			success = (p_filesystem = get_filesystem_object(partition_dst.fstype)) &&
			          p_filesystem->copy( partition_src,
			                              partition_dst,
			                              operationdetail.get_last_child() );
			break;

		default:
			break;
	}

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( success );
	return success;
}

bool GParted_Core::copy_filesystem_internal( const Partition & partition_src,
                                             const Partition & partition_dst,
                                             OperationDetail & operationdetail,
                                             bool cancel_safe )
{
	Sector dummy ;
	return copy_blocks( partition_src.device_path,
	                    partition_dst.device_path,
	                    partition_src.sector_start,
	                    partition_dst.sector_start,
	                    partition_src.sector_size,
	                    partition_dst.sector_size,
	                    partition_src.get_byte_length(),
	                    operationdetail,
	                    dummy,
	                    cancel_safe );
}

bool GParted_Core::copy_filesystem_internal( const Partition & partition_src,
                                             const Partition & partition_dst,
                                             OperationDetail & operationdetail,
                                             Byte_Value & total_done,
                                             bool cancel_safe )
{
	return copy_blocks( partition_src.device_path,
	                    partition_dst.device_path,
	                    partition_src.sector_start,
	                    partition_dst.sector_start,
	                    partition_src.sector_size,
	                    partition_dst.sector_size,
	                    partition_src.get_byte_length(),
	                    operationdetail,
	                    total_done,
	                    cancel_safe );
}
	
bool GParted_Core::copy_blocks( const Glib::ustring & src_device,
                                const Glib::ustring & dst_device,
                                Sector src_start,
                                Sector dst_start,
                                Byte_Value src_sector_size,
                                Byte_Value dst_sector_size,
                                Byte_Value src_length,
                                OperationDetail & operationdetail,
                                Byte_Value & total_done,
                                bool cancel_safe )
{
	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( _("using internal algorithm"), STATUS_NONE ) ) ;
	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail(
		Glib::ustring::compose( /*TO TRANSLATORS: looks like  copy 1.00 MiB */
		                  _("copy %1"), Utils::format_size( src_length, 1 ) ),
		STATUS_NONE ) ) ;

	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( _("finding optimal block size"), STATUS_NONE ) ) ;

	Byte_Value benchmark_blocksize = (1 * MEBIBYTE) ;
	Byte_Value benchmark_copysize = 16 * MEBIBYTE;
	Byte_Value optimal_blocksize = benchmark_blocksize ;
	Sector offset_read = src_start ;
	Sector offset_write = dst_start ;

	//Handle situation where we need to perform the copy beginning
	//  with the end of the partition and finishing with the start.
	if ( dst_start > src_start )
	{
		offset_read  += (src_length/src_sector_size) - (benchmark_copysize/src_sector_size);
		/* Handle situation where src sector size is smaller than dst sector size and an additional partial dst sector is required. */
		offset_write += ((src_length + (dst_sector_size - 1))/dst_sector_size) - (benchmark_copysize/dst_sector_size);
	}

	total_done = 0 ;
	Byte_Value done = 0 ;
	Glib::Timer timer ;
	double smallest_time = 1000000 ;
	bool success = true;
	OperationDetail & benchmark_od = operationdetail.get_last_child();

	//Benchmark copy times using different block sizes to determine optimal size
	while (success                                        &&
	       llabs(done) + benchmark_copysize <= src_length &&
	       benchmark_blocksize <= benchmark_copysize        )
	{
		benchmark_od.add_child( OperationDetail(
				/*TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   copy 16.00 MiB using a block size of 1.00 MiB */
				Glib::ustring::compose(_("copy %1 using a block size of %2"),
				                       Utils::format_size(benchmark_copysize, 1),
				                       Utils::format_size(benchmark_blocksize, 1))));

		timer .reset() ;
		success = CopyBlocks(src_device,
		                     dst_device,
		                     offset_read  + (done / src_sector_size),
		                     offset_write + (done / dst_sector_size),
		                     benchmark_copysize,
		                     benchmark_blocksize,
		                     benchmark_od,
		                     total_done,
		                     src_length,
		                     cancel_safe).copy();
		timer.stop() ;

		benchmark_od.get_last_child().add_child( OperationDetail(
			Glib::ustring::compose( _("%1 seconds"), timer .elapsed() ), STATUS_NONE, FONT_ITALIC ) ) ;
		benchmark_od.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(success);

		if ( timer .elapsed() <= smallest_time )
		{
			smallest_time = timer .elapsed() ;
			optimal_blocksize = benchmark_blocksize ; 
		}
		benchmark_blocksize *= 2 ;

		if ( ( dst_start > src_start ) )
			done -= benchmark_copysize;
		else
			done += benchmark_copysize;
	}

	if (success)
		operationdetail .get_last_child() .add_child( OperationDetail( Glib::ustring::compose( 
				/*TO TRANSLATORS: looks like  optimal block size is 1.00 MiB */
				_("optimal block size is %1"),
				Utils::format_size( optimal_blocksize, 1 ) ),
				STATUS_NONE ) ) ;

	if (success && llabs(done) < src_length)
	{
		Byte_Value remaining_length = src_length - llabs( done );
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
				/*TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   copy 16.00 MiB using a block size of 1.00 MiB */
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("copy %1 using a block size of %2"),
				                  Utils::format_size( remaining_length, 1 ),
				                  Utils::format_size( optimal_blocksize, 1 ) ) ) );
		success = CopyBlocks(src_device,
		                     dst_device,
		                     src_start + ((done > 0 ? done : 0) / src_sector_size),
		                     dst_start + ((done > 0 ? done : 0) / dst_sector_size),
		                     remaining_length,
		                     optimal_blocksize,
		                     operationdetail,
		                     total_done,
		                     src_length,
		                     cancel_safe).copy();
		operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(success);
	}

	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( 
		Glib::ustring::compose( /*TO TRANSLATORS: looks like  1.00 MiB (1048576 B) copied */
		                  _("%1 (%2 B) copied"), Utils::format_size( total_done, 1 ), total_done ),
		STATUS_NONE ) ) ;
	return success;
}


void GParted_Core::rollback_move_filesystem( const Partition & partition_src,
                                             const Partition & partition_dst,
                                             OperationDetail & operationdetail,
                                             Byte_Value total_done )
{
	if ( total_done > 0 )
	{
		//find out exactly which part of the file system was copied (and to where it was copied)..
		Partition * temp_src = partition_src.clone();
		Partition * temp_dst = partition_dst.clone();
		bool rollback_needed = true;

		if ( partition_dst .sector_start > partition_src .sector_start )
		{
			Sector distance = partition_dst.sector_start - partition_src.sector_start;
			temp_src->sector_start = temp_src->sector_end - ( (total_done / temp_src->sector_size) - 1 ) + distance;
			temp_dst->sector_start = temp_dst->sector_end - ( (total_done / temp_dst->sector_size) - 1 ) + distance;
			if ( temp_src->sector_start > temp_src->sector_end )
				// Nothing has been overwritten yet, so nothing to roll back
				rollback_needed = false;
		}
		else
		{
			Sector distance = partition_src.sector_start - partition_dst.sector_start;
			temp_src->sector_end = temp_src->sector_start + ( (total_done / temp_src->sector_size) - 1 ) - distance;
			temp_dst->sector_end = temp_dst->sector_start + ( (total_done / temp_dst->sector_size) - 1 ) - distance;
			if ( temp_src->sector_start > temp_src->sector_end )
				// Nothing has been overwritten yet, so nothing to roll back
				rollback_needed = false;
		}

		if ( rollback_needed )
		{
			operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail( _("rollback failed file system move") ) );

			//and copy it back (NOTE the reversed dst and src)
			bool success = copy_filesystem_internal( *temp_dst,
			                                         *temp_src,
			                                         operationdetail.get_last_child(),
			                                         false );

			operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( success );
		}

		delete temp_src;
		delete temp_dst;
		temp_src = nullptr;
		temp_dst = nullptr;
	}
}

bool GParted_Core::check_repair_filesystem( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail ) 
{
	if (partition.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition.busy)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("partition contains open LUKS encryption for a check file system only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	if ( partition.busy )
		// Trying to check an online file system is a successful non-operation.
		return true;

	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( 
				Glib::ustring::compose(
						/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   check file system on /dev/sda5 for errors and (if possible) fix them */
						_("check file system on %1 for errors and (if possible) fix them"),
						  partition .get_path() ) ) ) ;

	bool success = false;
	FileSystem* p_filesystem = nullptr;
	switch (get_fs(partition.fstype).check)
	{
		case FS::NONE:
			operationdetail .get_last_child() .add_child(
				OperationDetail( _("checking is not available for this file system"),
						 STATUS_NONE,
						 FONT_ITALIC ) ) ;
			operationdetail.get_last_child().set_status( STATUS_WARNING );
			return true ;	

			break ;
		case FS::GPARTED:
			break ;
		case FS::LIBPARTED:
			break ;
		case FS::EXTERNAL:
			success = (p_filesystem = get_filesystem_object(partition.fstype)) &&
			          p_filesystem->check_repair(partition, operationdetail.get_last_child());
			break ;

		default:
			break ;
	}

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(success);
	return success;
}


bool GParted_Core::check_repair_maximize( const Partition & partition,
                                          OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (partition.fstype == FS_LUKS)
	{
		// Pretend that the LUKS partition is closed so that
		// resize_filesystem_implement() checks the offline .grow capability
		// rather than .online_grow so that maximising LUKS in the context of a
		// check encrypted file system operation, which doesn't want to change the
		// partition boundaries, can be performed even if libparted and/or the
		// kernel aren't new enough to support online partition resizing.
		// luks::resize() determines the open status of the LUKS mapping by
		// querying the LUKS_Info module cache so doesn't care if the partition
		// busy status is wrong.
		Partition * temp_offline = partition.clone();
		temp_offline->busy = false;
		bool success = maximize_encryption( *temp_offline, operationdetail );
		delete temp_offline;
		temp_offline = nullptr;
		if ( ! success )
			return false;

		if ( partition.busy )
			success = maximize_filesystem( partition.get_filesystem_partition(), operationdetail );
		return success;
	}
	else
	{
		return maximize_filesystem( partition, operationdetail );
	}
}

bool GParted_Core::set_partition_type( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if ( partition.type == TYPE_UNPARTITIONED )
		// Trying to set the type of a partition on a non-partitioned whole disk
		// device is a successful non-operation.
		return true;

	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail(
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("set partition type on %1"), partition .get_path() ) ) ) ;
	OperationDetail& child_od = operationdetail.get_last_child();

	PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
	PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
	if (! get_device_and_disk(partition.device_path, lp_device, lp_disk))
	{
		child_od.set_success_and_capture_errors(false);
		return false;
	}

	PedPartition* lp_partition = get_lp_partition(lp_disk, partition);
	if (! lp_partition)
	{
		child_od.set_success_and_capture_errors(false);
		return false;
	}

	// Set the on-disk partition type appropriately.  Libparted uses the file system
	// type, overridden or modified by flags.
	bool success = false;
	if (partition.type == TYPE_EXTENDED                                  &&
	    ped_partition_is_flag_available(lp_partition, PED_PARTITION_LBA)   )
	{
		// Set the LBA flag for this extended partition to match what the Parted
		// command does.  Only available on MSDOS tables.
		success = set_partition_flag(lp_partition, PED_PARTITION_LBA, child_od);
	}
	else if ((partition.fstype == FS_FAT16 || partition.fstype == FS_FAT32)   &&
	         partition.is_flag_set("esp")                                     &&
	         ped_partition_is_flag_available(lp_partition, PED_PARTITION_ESP)   )
	{
		// The UEFI specification only supports FAT file systems in EFI System
		// Partitions (ESP)s.  Set the libparted ESP flag to set the on-disk
		// partition type to ESP.
		success = set_partition_type_using_flag(lp_partition, PED_PARTITION_ESP, child_od);
	}
	else if (partition.fstype == FS_LVM2_PV                                   &&
	         ped_partition_is_flag_available(lp_partition, PED_PARTITION_LVM)   )
	{
		// Set the libparted LVM flag to set the on-disk partition type to Linux
		// LVM.
		success = set_partition_type_using_flag(lp_partition, PED_PARTITION_LVM, child_od);
	}
	else
	{
		// Tell libparted the type of the file system so it can set an appropriate
		// on-disk partition type.
		success = set_partition_type_using_fstype(lp_partition, partition.fstype, child_od);

		if (partition.is_flag_set("lba")                                     &&
		    ped_partition_is_flag_available(lp_partition, PED_PARTITION_LBA)   )
		{
			success = success && set_partition_flag(lp_partition, PED_PARTITION_LBA, child_od);
		}
	}

	success = success && commit(lp_disk);

	destroy_device_and_disk(lp_device, lp_disk);
	child_od.set_success_and_capture_errors(success);
	return success;
}


bool GParted_Core::set_partition_type_using_flag(PedPartition* lp_partition,
                                                 PedPartitionFlag lp_flag,
                                                 OperationDetail& operationdetail)
{
	return set_partition_flag(lp_partition, lp_flag, operationdetail);
}


bool GParted_Core::set_partition_flag(PedPartition* lp_partition,
                                      PedPartitionFlag lp_flag,
                                      OperationDetail& operationdetail)
{
	/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   new partition flag: lvm */
	operationdetail.add_child(OperationDetail(Glib::ustring::compose(_("new partition flag: %1"),
	                                                                 ped_partition_flag_get_name(lp_flag))));

	bool success = ped_partition_set_flag(lp_partition, lp_flag, 1);

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(success);
	return success;
}


bool GParted_Core::set_partition_type_using_fstype(PedPartition* lp_partition,
                                                   FSType fstype,
                                                   OperationDetail& operationdetail)
{
	// Lookup libparted file system type using GParted's name, as most match.  Exclude
	// cleared as the name won't be recognised by libparted and
	// get_filesystem_string() has also translated it.
	PedFileSystemType* lp_fs_type = nullptr;
	if (fstype != FS_CLEARED)
		lp_fs_type = ped_file_system_type_get(Utils::get_filesystem_string(fstype).c_str());

	// Ensure that UDF and exFAT get the required partition type even when libparted
	// doesn't know, or is to old to know, about them.  Required partition types:
	// * [on MBR] 07 IFS (Installable File System)
	// * [on GPT] BDP (Basic Data Partition)
	// Use NTFS to achieve this.
	// References:
	// * What is the partition id / filesystem type for UDF?
	//   https://serverfault.com/a/829172
	// * exFAT file system specification
	//   https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/fileio/exfat-specification
	//   10.2 Partition Tables
	if (! lp_fs_type && (fstype == FS_UDF || fstype == FS_EXFAT))
		lp_fs_type = ped_file_system_type_get("ntfs");

	// Default is Linux (83)
	if (! lp_fs_type)
		lp_fs_type = ped_file_system_type_get("ext2");

	if (! lp_fs_type)
	{
		operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(false);
		return false;
	}

	/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   new partition type: ext4 */
	operationdetail.add_child(OperationDetail(Glib::ustring::compose(_("new partition type: %1"),
	                                                                 lp_fs_type->name)));

	// Clear all libparted flags so they don't override the on-disk partition type
	// being set using the file system type.
	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < m_all_libparted_flags.size(); i++)
	{
		if (ped_partition_is_flag_available(lp_partition, m_all_libparted_flags[i]))
		{
			if (! ped_partition_set_flag(lp_partition, m_all_libparted_flags[i], 0))
			{
				operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(false);
				return false;
			}
		}
	}

	bool success = ped_partition_set_system(lp_partition, lp_fs_type);

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(success);
	return success;
}


bool GParted_Core::calibrate_partition( Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail ) 
{
	if ( partition.type == TYPE_PRIMARY  || partition.type == TYPE_LOGICAL       ||
	     partition.type == TYPE_EXTENDED || partition.type == TYPE_UNPARTITIONED    )
	{
		const Glib::ustring& curr_path = partition.get_path();
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail( Glib::ustring::compose( _("calibrate %1"), curr_path ) ) );
	
		bool success = false;
		PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
		PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
		if ( get_device( partition.device_path, lp_device ) )
		{	
			if ( partition.type == TYPE_UNPARTITIONED )
			{
				// Virtual partition spanning whole disk device
				success = true;
			}
			else if ( get_disk( lp_device, lp_disk ) )
			{
				// Partitioned device
				PedPartition *lp_partition = get_lp_partition( lp_disk, partition );
				if ( lp_partition )  // FIXME: add check to see if lp_partition->type matches partition.type..
				{
					if (! Glib::file_test(curr_path, Glib::FILE_TEST_EXISTS))
					{
						// Re-set the real partition path from libparted.
						//
						// When creating a copy operation by pasting into
						// unallocated space the path for the partition
						// object was set to "Copy of /dev/SRC" because
						// the partition didn't yet exist before the
						// operations were applied.  Additional operations
						// on that new partition also got the path set to
						// "Copy of /dev/SRC".  This re-sets the real path
						// to "/dev/NEW".  This provides the real path for
						// file system specific tools used during those
						// additional operations such mkfs for the format
						// operation or fsck and others for the
						// resize/move operation.
						partition.set_path( get_partition_path( lp_partition ) );
					}

					// Reload the partition boundaries from libparted
					// to ensure that GParted knows what the actual
					// partition boundaries are before applying the
					// next operation.  Necessary when the previous
					// operation in the sequence was a resize/move
					// operation where GParted may have only estimated
					// where libparted would move the boundaries to.
					partition.sector_start = lp_partition->geom.start;
					partition.sector_end   = lp_partition->geom.end;

					success = true;
				}
			}
			// else error from get_disk() reading partition table

			if ( success )
			{
				operationdetail .get_last_child() .add_child( 
					OperationDetail(
						/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   path: /dev/sda (device)
						 *              or looks like   path: /dev/sda1 (partition)
						 * This is showing the name and whether it
						 * is a whole disk device or a partition
						 * within a device.
						 */
						Glib::ustring::compose( _("path: %1 (%2)"),
						                  partition.get_path(),
						                  ( partition.type == TYPE_UNPARTITIONED )
						                                             ? _("device")
						                                             : _("partition") ) + "\n" +
						Glib::ustring::compose( _("start: %1"), partition .sector_start ) + "\n" +
						Glib::ustring::compose( _("end: %1"), partition .sector_end ) + "\n" +
						Glib::ustring::compose( _("size: %1 (%2)"),
								partition .get_sector_length(),
								Utils::format_size( partition .get_sector_length(), partition .sector_size ) ),
					STATUS_NONE, 
					FONT_ITALIC ) ) ;

				if (partition.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition.busy)
				{
					const Partition & encrypted = dynamic_cast<const PartitionLUKS *>( &partition )->get_encrypted();
					operationdetail.get_last_child().add_child( OperationDetail(
						Glib::ustring::compose( _("encryption path: %1"), encrypted.get_path() ),
						STATUS_NONE, FONT_ITALIC ) );
				}
			}

			destroy_device_and_disk( lp_device, lp_disk ) ;
		}

		operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( success );
		return success;
	}
	else //nothing to calibrate...
		return true ;
}

bool GParted_Core::calculate_exact_geom( const Partition & partition_old,
			       	         Partition & partition_new,
				         OperationDetail & operationdetail ) 
{
	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail( 
		Glib::ustring::compose( _("calculate new size and position of %1"), partition_new .get_path() ) ) ) ;

	operationdetail .get_last_child() .add_child( 
		OperationDetail(
			Glib::ustring::compose( _("requested start: %1"), partition_new .sector_start ) + "\n" +
			Glib::ustring::compose( _("requested end: %1"), partition_new .sector_end ) + "\n" +
			Glib::ustring::compose( _("requested size: %1 (%2)"),
					partition_new .get_sector_length(),
					Utils::format_size( partition_new .get_sector_length(), partition_new .sector_size ) ),
		STATUS_NONE,
		FONT_ITALIC ) ) ;

	bool success = false;
	PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
	PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
	if ( get_device_and_disk( partition_old .device_path, lp_device, lp_disk ) )
	{
		PedPartition* lp_partition = get_lp_partition( lp_disk, partition_old );
		if ( lp_partition )
		{
			PedConstraint* constraint = nullptr;
			constraint = ped_constraint_any( lp_device ) ;
			
			if ( constraint )
			{
				//FIXME: if we insert a weird partitionnew geom here (e.g. start > end) 
				//ped_disk_set_partition_geom() will still return true (although an lp exception is written
				//to stdout.. see if this also affect create_partition and resize_move_partition
				//sended a patch to fix this to libparted list. will probably be in 1.7.2
				if ( ped_disk_set_partition_geom( lp_disk,
								  lp_partition,
								  constraint,
								  partition_new .sector_start,
								  partition_new .sector_end ) )
				{
					partition_new .sector_start = lp_partition ->geom .start ;
					partition_new .sector_end = lp_partition ->geom .end ;
					success = true;
				}

				ped_constraint_destroy( constraint );
			}
		}

		destroy_device_and_disk( lp_device, lp_disk ) ;
	}

	if (success) 
	{
		operationdetail .get_last_child() .add_child( 
			OperationDetail(
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("new start: %1"), partition_new .sector_start ) + "\n" +
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("new end: %1"), partition_new .sector_end ) + "\n" +
				Glib::ustring::compose( _("new size: %1 (%2)"),
						partition_new .get_sector_length(),
						Utils::format_size( partition_new .get_sector_length(), partition_new .sector_size ) ),
			STATUS_NONE,
			FONT_ITALIC ) ) ;

		//Update dev mapper entry if partition is dmraid.
		success = success && update_dmraid_entry(partition_new, operationdetail);
	}

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(success);
	return success;
}


bool GParted_Core::update_dmraid_entry( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	bool success = true;
#ifndef USE_LIBPARTED_DMRAID
	if (DMRaid::is_dmraid_device(partition.device_path))
	{
		PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
		PedDisk *lp_disk;
		// Open disk handle before and close after to prevent application crash.
		if ( get_device_and_disk( partition.device_path, lp_device, lp_disk ) )
		{
			success = DMRaid::update_dev_map_entry(partition, operationdetail.get_last_child());
			destroy_device_and_disk( lp_device, lp_disk );
		}
	}
#endif
	return success;
}


FileSystem * GParted_Core::get_filesystem_object( FSType fstype )
{
	return supported_filesystems->get_fs_object(fstype);
}


// Return true for file systems with an implementation class, false otherwise
bool GParted_Core::supported_filesystem( FSType fstype )
{
	return supported_filesystems->get_fs_object(fstype) != nullptr;
}


FS_Limits GParted_Core::get_filesystem_limits( FSType fstype, const Partition & partition )
{
	FileSystem* p_filesystem = supported_filesystems->get_fs_object(fstype);
	FS_Limits fs_limits;
	if (p_filesystem != nullptr)
		fs_limits = p_filesystem->get_filesystem_limits( partition );
	return fs_limits;
}

bool GParted_Core::filesystem_resize_disallowed( const Partition & partition )
{
	if (partition.fstype == FS_LVM2_PV)
	{
		//The LVM2 PV can't be resized when it's a member of an export VG
		const Glib::ustring& vgname = LVM2_PV_Info::get_vg_name(partition.get_path());
		if ( vgname .empty() )
			return false ;
		return LVM2_PV_Info::is_vg_exported( vgname );
	}
	return false ;
}

bool GParted_Core::erase_filesystem_signatures( const Partition & partition, OperationDetail & operationdetail )
{
	if (partition.fstype == FS_LUKS && partition.busy)
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail(
			GPARTED_BUG + ": " + _("partition contains open LUKS encryption for an erase file system signatures only step"),
			STATUS_ERROR, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		return false;
	}

	bool overall_success = false ;
	operationdetail .add_child( OperationDetail(
			Glib::ustring::compose( _("clear old file system signatures in %1"),
			                  partition .get_path() ) ) ) ;

	//Get device, disk & partition and open the device.  Allocate buffer and fill with
	//  zeros.  Buffer size is the greater of 4 KiB and the sector size.
	PedDevice* lp_device = nullptr;
	PedDisk* lp_disk = nullptr;
	PedPartition* lp_partition = nullptr;
	PedGeometry* lp_geom = nullptr;
	bool device_is_open = false ;
	Byte_Value bufsize = 4LL * KIBIBYTE ;
	std::vector<char> buf;  // Default construct 0 sized.
	if ( get_device( partition.device_path, lp_device ) )
	{
		bufsize = std::max(bufsize, lp_device->sector_size);
		buf.resize(bufsize, 0);  // Set size and initialise contents to 0.

		if ( partition.type == TYPE_UNPARTITIONED )
		{
			// Whole disk device; create a matching geometry
			lp_geom = ped_geometry_new(lp_device,
			                           partition.sector_start,
			                           partition.get_sector_length());
		}
		else if ( get_disk( lp_device, lp_disk ) )
		{
			// Partitioned device; copy partition geometry
			lp_partition = get_lp_partition(lp_disk, partition);
			if (lp_partition)
				lp_geom = ped_geometry_duplicate(&lp_partition->geom);
		}

		if (lp_geom != nullptr && ped_device_open(lp_device))
		{
			device_is_open = true ;
		}
		overall_success = device_is_open;
	}

	// Erase all file system super blocks, including their signatures.  The specified
	// byte ranges are converted to whole sectors (as disks fundamentally only read or
	// write whole sectors) and written using ped_geometry_write().  Therefore don't
	// try to surgically overwrite just the few bytes of each signature as this code
	// overwrites whole sectors and it embeds more knowledge than is necessary.
	//
	// First byte range from offset 0, length 512 KiB covers ZFS Labels L0 and L1 and
	// all other super blocks at the start of the device.
	//     ZFS On-Disk Specification
	//     http://www.giis.co.in/Zfs_ondiskformat.pdf
	//
	// Last byte range from offset -512 KiB (from the end), length 768 KiB covers ZFS
	// Labels L2 and L3 and other super blocks at the end of the device.  Includes:
	// *   Linux Software RAID metadata 0.90 and 1.0
	// *   secondary Nilfs2 super block
	// *   Almost all the various ATARAID types
	//
	// Not covered by the above are:
	// *   Btrfs super block mirror copies
	// *   One possible location of Promise FastTrack RAID super block
	// *   Bcachefs super block backup
	//
	// Btrfs super blocks are located at: 64 KiB, 64 MiB, 256 GiB and 1 PiB.  The
	// super block at 64 KiB will be erased by the zeroing from offset 0.  The super
	// block mirror copies need to be explicitly cleared.
	//     Btrfs: On-disk Format, Superblock
	//     https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/On-disk_Format#Superblock
	//
	// Promise FastTrack RAID super block may be located at any of these 512-byte
	// sectors before the end of the device: -16, -63, -255, -256, -399, -591, -675,
	// -753, -911, -951, -974, -991, -3087.  All from -991 and smaller offsets from
	// the end of the device will be erased by the zeroing from -512 KiB.  Possible
	// location -3087 must be explicitly cleared.
	//     util-linux v2.38.1: libblkid/src/subperblocks/promise_raid.c:probe_pdcraid()
        //     https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/util-linux/util-linux.git/tree/libblkid/src/superblocks/promise_raid.c?h=v2.38.1#n27
	//
	// Bcachefs super block backup is located at -1 MiB before the end of the device,
	// rounded down to the file system's bucket size, where the bucket size is one of:
	// 128 KiB, 256 KiB, 512 KiB or 1024 KiB.
	// *   bcachefs-tools v1.6.4: c_src/libbcachefs.c:bch2_format()
	//     https://evilpiepirate.org/git/bcachefs-tools.git/tree/c_src/libbcachefs.c?h=v1.6.4#n313
	// *   bcachefs-tools v1.6.4: c_src/libbcachefs.c:bch2_pick_bucket_size()
	//     https://evilpiepirate.org/git/bcachefs-tools.git/tree/c_src/libbcachefs.c?h=v1.6.4#n85
	// *   bcachefs-tools v1.6.4: libcachefs/bcachefs_format.h:struct bch_sb
	//     https://evilpiepirate.org/git/bcachefs-tools.git/tree/libbcachefs/bcachefs_format.h?h=v1.6.4#n907
	struct {
		Byte_Value offset;    // Negative offsets work backwards from the end of the partition
		Byte_Value rounding;  // Minimum desired rounding for offset
		Byte_Value length;
	} ranges[] = {
		//offset           , rounding        , length
		{    0LL           ,   1LL           , 512LL * KIBIBYTE },  // Super blocks at start
		{   64LL * MEBIBYTE,   1LL           ,   4LL * KIBIBYTE },  // Btrfs super block mirror copy
		{  256LL * GIBIBYTE,   1LL           ,   4LL * KIBIBYTE },  // Btrfs super block mirror copy
		{    1LL * PEBIBYTE,   1LL           ,   4LL * KIBIBYTE },  // Btrfs super block mirror copy
		{ -3087LL * 512LL  ,   1LL           , 512LL            },  // Promise FastTrack RAID super block
		{   -1LL * MEBIBYTE, 128LL * KIBIBYTE,   4LL * KIBIBYTE },  // Bcachefs backup super block
		{   -1LL * MEBIBYTE, 256LL * KIBIBYTE,   4LL * KIBIBYTE },  // Bcachefs backup super block
		{   -1LL * MEBIBYTE, 512LL * KIBIBYTE,   4LL * KIBIBYTE },  // Bcachefs backup super block
		{   -1LL * MEBIBYTE,   1LL * MEBIBYTE,   4LL * KIBIBYTE },  // Bcachefs backup super block
		{ -512LL * KIBIBYTE, 256LL * KIBIBYTE, 768LL * KIBIBYTE }   // Super blocks at end
	} ;
	Byte_Value prev_byte_offset = -1;
	Byte_Value prev_byte_len    = -1;
	for ( unsigned int i = 0 ; overall_success && i < sizeof( ranges ) / sizeof( ranges[0] ) ; i ++ )
	{
		//Rounding is performed in multiples of the sector size because writes are in whole sectors.
		Byte_Value rounding_size = Utils::ceil_size( ranges[i].rounding, lp_device ->sector_size ) ;
		Byte_Value byte_offset ;
		Byte_Value byte_len ;

		// Compute range to be erased.  Starting position takes into account
		// negative offsets from the end of the partition and minimum desired
		// rounding requirements.  Length is only rounded to device sector size.
		// Ranges may become larger, but not smaller than requested.
		if ( ranges[i] .offset >= 0LL )
		{
			byte_offset = Utils::floor_size( ranges[i] .offset, rounding_size ) ;
			byte_len    = Utils::ceil_size( ranges[i].offset + ranges[i].length, lp_device->sector_size )
			              - byte_offset ;
		}
		else //Negative offsets
		{
			Byte_Value notional_offset = Utils::floor_size( partition .get_byte_length() + ranges[i] .offset, ranges[i]. rounding ) ;
			byte_offset = Utils::floor_size( notional_offset, rounding_size ) ;
			byte_len    = Utils::ceil_size( notional_offset + ranges[i].length, lp_device->sector_size )
			              - byte_offset ;
		}

		//Limit range to partition size.
		if ( byte_offset + byte_len <= 0LL )
		{
			//Byte range entirely before partition start.  Programmer error!
			continue;
		}
		else if ( byte_offset < 0 )
		{
			//Byte range spans partition start.  Trim to fit.
			byte_len += byte_offset ;
			byte_offset = 0LL ;
		}
		if ( byte_offset >= partition .get_byte_length() )
		{
			//Byte range entirely after partition end.  Ignore.
			continue ;
		}
		else if ( byte_offset + byte_len > partition .get_byte_length() )
		{
			//Byte range spans partition end.  Trim to fit.
			byte_len = partition .get_byte_length() - byte_offset ;
		}

		if (byte_offset == prev_byte_offset && byte_len == prev_byte_len)
			// Byte range identical to previous.  Skip.
			continue;

		OperationDetail & od = operationdetail .get_last_child() ;
		Byte_Value written = 0LL ;
		bool zero_success = false ;
		if (device_is_open)
		{
			od .add_child( OperationDetail(
					/*TO TRANSLATORS: looks like  write 68.00 KiB of zeros at byte offset 0 */
					Glib::ustring::compose( "write %1 of zeros at byte offset %2",
					                  Utils::format_size( byte_len, 1 ),
					                  byte_offset ) ) ) ;

			while ( written < byte_len )
			{
				//Write in bufsize amounts.  Last write may be smaller but
				//  will still be a whole number of sectors.
				Byte_Value amount = std::min( bufsize, byte_len - written ) ;
				zero_success = ped_geometry_write(lp_geom,
				                                  buf.data(),
				                                  (byte_offset + written) / lp_device->sector_size,
				                                  amount / lp_device->sector_size);
				if ( ! zero_success )
					break ;
				written += amount ;
			}

			// Save byte range for detection of following identical range.
			prev_byte_offset = byte_offset;
			prev_byte_len    = byte_len;

			od.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( zero_success );
		}
		overall_success = overall_success && zero_success;
	}
	if (lp_geom != nullptr)
		ped_geometry_destroy(lp_geom);

	//Linux kernel doesn't maintain buffer cache coherency between the whole disk
	//  device and partition devices.  So even though the file system signatures
	//  have been overwritten on the disk via a partition device, libparted reading
	//  via the whole disk device will read the old data and report the file system
	//  as still existing.
	//
	//  Calling ped_device_sync() to flush the cache is required when the partition is
	//  just being cleared.  However the sync can be skipped when the wipe is being
	//  performed as part of writing a new file system as the partition type is also
	//  changed, which modified the partition table so GParted calls
	//  ped_disk_commit_to_os().  This instructs the kernel to remove all non-busy
	//  partitions on the disk and re-adds them, thus effectively flushing the cache
	//  of the disk.
	//
	//  Opening the device and calling ped_device_sync() took 0.15 seconds or less on
	//  a 5400 RPM laptop hard drive.  For now just always call ped_device_sync() as
	//  it doesn't add much time to the overall operation.
	if ( overall_success )
	{
		OperationDetail & od = operationdetail .get_last_child() ;
		od .add_child( OperationDetail( Glib::ustring::compose( _("flush operating system cache of %1"),
		                                                  lp_device ->path ) ) ) ;

		bool flush_success = false ;
		if ( device_is_open )
		{
			flush_success = ped_device_sync( lp_device ) ;
			ped_device_close( lp_device ) ;

			// (#83) Wait for udev rules to complete after this
			// ped_device_close() to avoid busy /dev/DISK entry when running
			// following file system specific manipulation commands on the
			// whole disk device in format(), after this
			// erase_filesystem_signatures().
			settle_device(SETTLE_DEVICE_APPLY_MAX_WAIT_SECONDS);
		}
		od.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( flush_success );
		overall_success = overall_success && flush_success;
	}
	destroy_device_and_disk( lp_device, lp_disk ) ;

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors( overall_success );
	return overall_success ;
}


bool GParted_Core::update_bootsector(const Partition& partition, OperationDetail& operationdetail)
{
	// Only for NTFS.
	// FIXME: This should probably be done in the FS classes.
	if (partition.fstype != FS_NTFS)
		return true;

	// The NTFS file system stores a value in the boot record called the Number of
	// Hidden Sectors.  This value must match the partition start sector number in
	// order for Windows to boot from the file system.
	// References to the NTFS Partition Boot Sector (PBS):
	//     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#Partition_Boot_Sector_(PBS)
	//     https://thestarman.pcministry.com/asm/mbr/NTFSBR.htm
	operationdetail.add_child(OperationDetail( 
			/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   update boot sector of ntfs file system on /dev/sdd1 */
			Glib::ustring::compose(_("update boot sector of %1 file system on %2"),
			                       Utils::get_filesystem_string(partition.fstype),
			                      partition.get_path())));

	uint32_t hidden_sectors = 0;
	bool beyond_32bit = false;
	if ((partition.sector_start >> 32) == 0)
	{
		hidden_sectors = htole32(static_cast<uint32_t>(partition.sector_start & 0xFFFFFFFF));
	}
	else
	{
		operationdetail.get_last_child().add_child(OperationDetail(
				Glib::ustring::compose(_("Partition start (%1) is beyond sector 4294967295 (2^32-1).\n"
				                         "Windows will not be able to boot from this file system."),
				                       partition.sector_start),
				STATUS_NONE, FONT_ITALIC));
		beyond_32bit = true;
	}

	std::ofstream dev_file;
	dev_file.open(partition.get_path().c_str(), std::ios::out|std::ios::binary);
	if (! dev_file)
	{
		/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   Error trying to open /dev/sdd1 */
		operationdetail.get_last_child().add_child(OperationDetail(
				Glib::ustring::compose(_("Error trying to open %1"), partition.get_path()),
				STATUS_NONE, FONT_ITALIC));
		operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(false);
		return false;
	}

	dev_file.seekp(0x1C);
	if (! dev_file)
	{
		/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   Error trying to seek to position 0x1C in /dev/sdd1 */
		operationdetail.get_last_child().add_child(OperationDetail(
				Glib::ustring::compose(_("Error trying to seek to position 0x1c in %1"),
				                       partition.get_path()),
				STATUS_NONE, FONT_ITALIC));
		operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(false);
		dev_file.close();
		return false;
	}

	dev_file.write(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&hidden_sectors), sizeof(hidden_sectors));
	dev_file.flush();
	dev_file.close();
	if (! dev_file)
	{
		/* TO TRANSLATORS: looks like   Error trying to write to boot sector in /dev/sdd1 */
		operationdetail.get_last_child().add_child(OperationDetail(
				Glib::ustring::compose(_("Error trying to write to boot sector in %1"),
				                       partition.get_path()),
				STATUS_NONE, FONT_ITALIC));
		operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(false);
		return false;
	}

	operationdetail.get_last_child().set_success_and_capture_errors(true);
	if (beyond_32bit)
		operationdetail.get_last_child().set_status(STATUS_WARNING);
	return true;
}


void GParted_Core::capture_libparted_messages( OperationDetail & operationdetail, bool success )
{
	if ( libparted_messages.size() > 0 )
	{
		operationdetail.add_child( OperationDetail( _("libparted messages"),
		                                            success ? STATUS_INFO : STATUS_ERROR ) );
		for ( unsigned int i = 0 ; i < libparted_messages.size() ; i++ )
			operationdetail.get_last_child().add_child(
					OperationDetail( libparted_messages[i], STATUS_NONE, FONT_ITALIC ) );
		libparted_messages.clear();
	}
}


bool GParted_Core::useable_device(const PedDevice* lp_device)
{
	g_assert(lp_device != nullptr);  // Bug: Not initialised by call to ped_device_get() or ped_device_get_next()

	std::vector<char> buf(lp_device->sector_size);

	// Must be able to read from the first sector before the disk device is considered
	// useable in GParted.
	bool success = false;
	int fd = open(lp_device->path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK);
	if (fd >= 0)
	{
		ssize_t bytes_read = read(fd, buf.data(), lp_device->sector_size);
		success = (bytes_read == lp_device->sector_size);
		close(fd);
	}

	return success;
}


bool GParted_Core::get_device( const Glib::ustring & device_path, PedDevice *& lp_device, bool flush )
{
	lp_device = ped_device_get(device_path.c_str());
	if (! lp_device)
		return false;

	if (flush)
	{
		// (!46) Wait for udev rules to complete after libparted inbuilt device
		// flush in ped_device_get().  This is to avoid busy /dev/DISK entry when
		// running file system specific query commands on the whole disk device in
		// the call sequence after get_device(..., flush=true) in
		// set_device_from_disk().
		//
		// This is still needed even with libparted 3.6 because a whole disk
		// device FAT32 file system looks like it's partitioned and
		// ped_device_get() still opens partition devices read-write when
		// flushing, so still triggers device changes and udev rule execution.
		settle_device(SETTLE_DEVICE_PROBE_MAX_WAIT_SECONDS);
	}

	return true;
}


bool GParted_Core::get_disk(PedDevice *lp_device, PedDisk*& lp_disk)
{
	g_assert(lp_device != nullptr);  // Bug: Not initialised by call to ped_device_get() or ped_device_get_next()

	lp_disk = ped_disk_new(lp_device);

	// (#762941)(!46) After ped_disk_new() wait for triggered udev rules to complete
	// which remove and re-add all the partition specific /dev entries to avoid FS
	// specific commands failing because they happen to be running when the needed
	// /dev/PTN entries don't exist.
	settle_device(SETTLE_DEVICE_PROBE_MAX_WAIT_SECONDS);

	return (lp_disk != nullptr);
}


bool GParted_Core::get_device_and_disk(const Glib::ustring& device_path, PedDevice*& lp_device, PedDisk*& lp_disk)
{
	if (! get_device(device_path, lp_device))
		return false;

	if (! get_disk(lp_device, lp_disk))
	{
		destroy_device_and_disk(lp_device, lp_disk);
		return false;
	}

	return true;
}


void GParted_Core::destroy_device_and_disk( PedDevice*& lp_device, PedDisk*& lp_disk )
{
	if ( lp_disk )
		ped_disk_destroy( lp_disk ) ;
	lp_disk = nullptr;

	if ( lp_device )
		ped_device_destroy( lp_device ) ;
	lp_device = nullptr;
}

bool GParted_Core::commit( PedDisk* lp_disk )
{
	// (#790418) Hold a file handle open across the ped_disk_commit_to_dev() and
	// commit_to_os()->ped_disk_commit_to_os() calls to avoid libparted having to open
	// and close the device twice itself.  This avoids the kernel and udev events
	// removing and re-adding partitions exactly when ped_disk_commit_to_os() is
	// trying to doing the same thing.
	bool opened = ped_device_open( lp_disk->dev );

	bool success = ped_disk_commit_to_dev(lp_disk);

	success = commit_to_os(lp_disk, SETTLE_DEVICE_APPLY_MAX_WAIT_SECONDS) && success;

	if ( opened )
	{
		ped_device_close( lp_disk->dev );
		// Wait for udev rules to complete and partition device nodes to settle
		// from this ped_device_close().
		settle_device( SETTLE_DEVICE_APPLY_MAX_WAIT_SECONDS );
	}

	return success;
}


bool GParted_Core::commit_to_os( PedDisk* lp_disk, std::time_t timeout )
{
	bool success;
#ifndef USE_LIBPARTED_DMRAID
	if (DMRaid::is_dmraid_device(lp_disk->dev->path))
		success= true;
	else
#endif
		success = ped_disk_commit_to_os(lp_disk);

	// Wait for udev rules to complete and partition device nodes to settle from above
	// ped_disk_commit_to_os() initiated kernel update of the partitions.
	settle_device( timeout ) ;

	return success;
}


void GParted_Core::settle_device( std::time_t timeout )
{
	if (udevadm_found)
		Utils::execute_command( "udevadm settle --timeout=" + Utils::num_to_str( timeout ) ) ;
	else
		sleep( timeout ) ;
}

PedPartition* GParted_Core::get_lp_partition( const PedDisk* lp_disk, const Partition & partition )
{
	if ( partition.type == TYPE_EXTENDED )
		return ped_disk_extended_partition( lp_disk );
	return ped_disk_get_partition_by_sector( lp_disk, partition.get_sector() );
}

class PedExceptionMsg : public Gtk::MessageDialog
{
public:
	PedExceptionMsg( PedException &e ) : MessageDialog( Glib::ustring(e.message), false, Gtk::MESSAGE_ERROR, Gtk::BUTTONS_NONE, true )
		{
			switch( e.type )
			{
			case PED_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION:
				set_title( _("Libparted Information") );
				property_message_type() = Gtk::MESSAGE_INFO;
				break;
			case PED_EXCEPTION_WARNING:
				set_title( _("Libparted Warning") );
				property_message_type() = Gtk::MESSAGE_WARNING;
				break;
			case PED_EXCEPTION_ERROR:
				set_title( _("Libparted Error") );
				break;
			case PED_EXCEPTION_FATAL:
				set_title( _("Libparted Fatal") );
				break;
			case PED_EXCEPTION_BUG:
				set_title( _("Libparted Bug") );
				break;
			case PED_EXCEPTION_NO_FEATURE:
				set_title( _("Libparted Unsupported Feature") );
				break;
			default:
				set_title( _("Libparted unknown exception") );
				break;
			}
			if (e.options & PED_EXCEPTION_FIX)
				add_button( _("Fix"), PED_EXCEPTION_FIX );
			if (e.options & PED_EXCEPTION_YES)
				add_button( _("Yes"), PED_EXCEPTION_YES );
			if (e.options & PED_EXCEPTION_OK)
				add_button( _("Ok"), PED_EXCEPTION_OK );
			if (e.options & PED_EXCEPTION_RETRY)
				add_button( _("Retry"), PED_EXCEPTION_RETRY );
			if (e.options & PED_EXCEPTION_NO)
				add_button( _("No"), PED_EXCEPTION_NO );
			if (e.options & PED_EXCEPTION_CANCEL)
				add_button( _("Cancel"), PED_EXCEPTION_CANCEL );
			if (e.options & PED_EXCEPTION_IGNORE)
				add_button( _("Ignore"), PED_EXCEPTION_IGNORE );
		}
};

struct ped_exception_ctx {
	PedExceptionOption ret;
	PedException *e;
	Glib::Mutex mutex;
	Glib::Cond cond;
};

static bool _ped_exception_handler( struct ped_exception_ctx *ctx )
{
	std::cerr << ctx->e->message << std::endl;

	libparted_messages.push_back( ctx->e->message );
	char optcount = 0;
	int opt = 0;
	for( char c = 0; c < 10; c++ )
		if( ctx->e->options & (1 << c) ) {
			opt = (1 << c);
			optcount++;
		}
	// if only one option was given, choose it without popup
	if( optcount == 1 && ctx->e->type != PED_EXCEPTION_BUG && ctx->e->type != PED_EXCEPTION_FATAL )
	{
		ctx->ret = (PedExceptionOption)opt;
		ctx->mutex.lock();
		ctx->cond.signal();
		ctx->mutex.unlock();
		return false;
	}
	PedExceptionMsg msg( *ctx->e );
	msg.show_all();
	ctx->ret = (PedExceptionOption)msg.run();
	if (ctx->ret < 0)
		ctx->ret = PED_EXCEPTION_UNHANDLED;
	ctx->mutex.lock();
	ctx->cond.signal();
	ctx->mutex.unlock();
	return false;
}

PedExceptionOption GParted_Core::ped_exception_handler( PedException * e )
{
	struct ped_exception_ctx ctx;
	ctx.ret = PED_EXCEPTION_UNHANDLED;
	ctx.e = e;
	if (Glib::Thread::self() != GParted_Core::mainthread) {
		ctx.mutex.lock();
		g_idle_add( (GSourceFunc)_ped_exception_handler, &ctx );
		ctx.cond.wait( ctx.mutex );
		ctx.mutex.unlock();
	} else _ped_exception_handler( &ctx );
	return ctx.ret;
}


Glib::Thread *GParted_Core::mainthread;


std::unique_ptr<SupportedFileSystems> GParted_Core::supported_filesystems;


}  // namespace GParted
